HORTICULTURE STATISTICS

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• HORTICULTURE STATISTICS

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OVERVIEW - HORTICULTURE

• A Prominent Segment under Agriculture Sector and
  the fastest growing sector
• Considerable attention in the 11th Five Year Plan
• All States / UT covered under Two special
  Horticulture programmes of NHM and HMNEH
• Mission programme (NHM) in operation in 344
  districts out of 476 districts of 18 States and
  UTs, Andaman Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep
  (initially in 227 districts)
• Horticulture projects are capital intensive, have
  higher gestation period, need costly inputs
  including higher technology and efficient value
  change management.

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Horticulture Advantage India

• India is endowed with a remarkably heterogeneous
  area characterized by a great diversity of agro
  climatic zones, allowing for production of a
  variety of horticultural crops such as fruits,
  vegetables, flowers, spices, plantation crops,
  root and tuber crops, and medicinal and aromatic
  crops.
• India is the second largest producer of fruits
  and vegetables in the world.
• Horticulture exports has helped the country to
  earn Rs 14,000 crore in 2011-12.

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Snapshot of Horticulture

• Horticulture accounts for 30 of Indias
  agricultural GDP from 8.5 of the cropped area.
• Indias major exports include onion, mango pulp,
  fresh mangoes, dried walnuts, fresh grapes.
• Indias biggest export markets are South Asian
  Middle east Countries.
• Indias share in the global market is
  insignificant it accounts for 1.7 of the
  global trade in vegetables and 0.5 in fruits

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HORTICULTURE STATISTICS

• WHY REQUIRED?
• WHAT IS THE PRESENT STATUS?
• WHAT ARE THE CONSTRAINTS?
• WAY FORWARD

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HORTICULTURE DATA

• WHY REQUIRED?
• To make correct assessment of growth in the
  horticulture sector.
• To ensure effective monitoring and evaluation of
  the concerned development policies and programs.
• To facilitate perspective planning and harnessing
  vast potential in the horticulture sector.
• Analyze data to gain better knowledge and
  understanding of the situation for taking
  appropriate measures to promote systematic
  development of horticulture sector.

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PRESENT STATUS OF HORTICULTURE DATA

• AREA,PRODUCTION,YIELD DATA
• DATA ON COMMODITY PRICES, SUPPLIES (MARKET
  ARRIVALS), STORAGES ETC.
• EXPORT/IMPORT DATA
• DATA ON PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SCHEMES (NHM,
  HMNEH ETC.) (COMPONENT WISE) - PHYSICAL AND
  FINANCIAL ACHIEVEMENTS
• SUPPLEMENTARY DATA (RESEARCH STUDIES ETC.)

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PRESENT STATUS OF HORTICULTURE DATA

• Multiple agencies involved in collection/
  compilation of data.
• D/o Agriculture Cooperation through State
  Horticulture Departments
• State Directorates of Economics and Statistics
  (DES) through Crop Estimation Survey-Fruits and
  Vegetables (Plan Scheme)
• Export/Import data (DGCIS, APEDA, DGFT)
• Crop Boards (CASHEWNUT/COCONUT/ SPICES etc.)
• Market Intelligence data through NHB and DMI in
  M/o AGRICULTURE.
• Research and Other Organizations (e.g. NHRDF,
  SFAC)

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PRESENT STATUS OF HORTICULTURE DATA

• AREA,PRODUCTION, YIELD- CROP-WISE
• 22 TYPES OF FRUITS (e.g. BANANA, MANGO, CITRUS,
  APPLE, GUAVA, GRAPES, PINEAPPLE, PAPAYA,
  POMEGRANATE ETC. )
• 20 TYPES OF VEGETABLES (e.g. POTATO, BRINJAL,
  TOMATO, TAPIOCA, ONION, CABBAGE, CAULIFLOWER,
  OKRA ETC.)
• FLOWERS (LOOSE AND CUT)
• PLANTATION CROPS (COCONUT, CASHEWNUT, ARECANUT,
  COCOA)
• SPICES (e.g. MUSTARD SEED, CHILLI, TURMERIC,
  GARLIC, GINGER, TAMARIND, CORIANDER, CUMIN,
  PEPPER, FENUGREEK ETC.)
• AROMATIC AND MEDICINAL PLANTS

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Present System of Data collection

• Fruits and Vegetables, Flowers, Nuts and Aromatic
  Medicinal Plants, Coconut
• State Departments of Horticulture and
  Agriculture
• Plantation crops (cashewnut, arecanut and cocoa)
  and spices
• Directorate of Cocoa and Cashew nut Development
  (DCCD)
• Directorate of Arecanut and Spices Development
  (DASD)
• NHB brings out an annual publication Indian
  Horticulture Database

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Methodology Adopted

• Area Estimation
• Girdawari
• On the basis of input supplied etc.
• Estimation of Production
• Eye Estimation
• Oral enquiry from farmers
• Based on Productivity norms as calculated by
  GCES, CES-FV
• Some scientific methods for some crops.

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Review Committee

• Horticulture data received from States / Boards/
  Directorate are compiled by the Horticulture
  Division of DAC.
• Estimates are approved by a Review Committee
  under the Chairmanship of Principal Adviser,
  Department of Agriculture and Cooperation with
  following members
• Economic and Statistical Adviser, DAC
• Joint Secretary (NHM), DAC
• Horticulture Commissioner, DAC
• Managing Director, NHB
• Adviser (Hort) DAC.

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Schedule of Data Approval by Review Committee
(Agriculture crop year July June)
Estimates Date of finalization Date of receipt of data from States/UTs
1st Advance Estimates of the current year and Final Estimates of previous year 31st December 10th December
2nd Advance Estimates of Current Year 15th May 1st May
3rd Advance Estimates of Current year 31st August 10th August
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HORTI. DATA- WHAT DOES IT TELL ?

• ANDHRA PRADESH, W.BENGAL, UTTAR PRADESH,
  MAHARASHTRA, TAMIL NADU, BIHAR, GUJARAT,
  KARNATAKA, MADHYA PRADESH AND ODISHA ARE THE
  LEADING STATES IN HORTICULTURE PRODUCTION.
  (contributing about 80 output - first 6 States
  producing more than half the total output).
• MAHARASHTRA, ANDHRA PRADESH, TAMIL NADU, GUJARAT,
  KARNATAKA AND U.P. ARE THE LEADING FRUIT
  PRODUCING STATES. (nearly 60 output).
• W BENGAL, U.P., BIHAR, ANDHRA PRADESH, MADHYA
  PRADESH, GUJARAT AND ODISHA ARE THE LEADING
  VEGETABLE PRODUCERS. (contributing over 60
  output first 4 States producing more than 40).

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HORTI. DATA- WHAT DOES IT TELL ?

• TOTAL HORTICULTURE PRODUCTION IN THE COUNTRY IS
  257.3 MILLION TONNES IN 2011-12 ( 96.6 MILLION
  TONNES IN 1991-92). (FOODGRAIN PRODUCTION 257
  MILLION TONNES)
• TOTAL AREA UNDER HORTICULTURE CROPS IN 2011-12 IS
  23.2 MILLION HA (12.8 MILLION HA IN 1991-92).
• MAJOR FRUITS- BANANA,MANGO AND CITRUS FRUITS
  (CONTRIBUTE ABOUT 70 PRODUCTION)
• MAJOR VEGETABLES- POTATO, TOMATO, ONION, BRINJAL
  AND CABBAGE (CONTRIBUTE ABOUT 80 PRODUCTION)

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Trends in Fruits and Vegetables Production
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WHAT ARE THE CONSTRAINTS?

• LIMITATIONS IN THE EXISTING DATA
• MULTIPLE AGENCIES COLLECTING AND COMPILING DATA-
  DIFFERENT METHODOLOGY AND COVERAGE
• FREQUENT DATA REVISION
• TIME LAG IN DATA AVAILABILITY. States are not
  adhering to time schedule for sending the data
• DATA INCONSISTENCIES
• EVEN THE METHODOLOGY ADOPTED BY VARIOUS STATE
  HORTICULTURE DEPARTMENTS VARY FROM STATE TO
  STATE.
• DATA FOR CROPS EXCLUSIVELY GROWN IN A STATE, NOT
  BEING REPORTED BY THE STATE.

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WHAT ARE THE CONSTRAINTS?

• LACK OF EFFECTIVE INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM
• ABSENCE OF PROPER SYSTEMATIC UNITS FOR COLLECTION
  / COMPILATION OF HORTICULTURE DATA
• INEFFECTIVE DATA VALIDATION MECHANISM
• NODAL AGENCY NOT OVERSEEING THE ENTIRE SET OF
  HORTICULTURE CROPS AND ABSENCE OF COORDINATION
  WITH OTHER AGENCIES
• INADEQUATE USE OF MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
  TO PROCESS AND ORGANIZE DATA

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WHAT ARE THE CONSTRAINTS?

• DATA GAPS
• LACK OF AUTHENTIC BASE LINE DATA FOR ALL STATES
  (DISTRICT LEVEL).
• DATA ON EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL (DIRECT/INDIRECT).
• PRODUCTIVITY PROFILE (CROP/REGION/DISTRICT WISE).
  
• DATA ON COST OF CULTIVATION/ECONOMY OF FARMING OF
  DIFFERENT HORTICULTURAL CROPS.
• PRODUCTION HOW MUCH FLOW TO THE MARKET AND
  FARMERS OWN CONSUMPTION SHARE .
• POST HARVEST LOSSES AND WASTAGES IN THE TRANSIT
• No operational manual for field staff

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WAY FORWARD AND PLAN OF ACTION

1. COORDINATION BETWEEN STATE DEPARTMENT OF
   AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE AND DIRECTORATE OF
   ECONOMICS STATISTICS NEED TO BE STRENGTHENED TO
   GENERATE RELIABLE HORTICULTURE STATISTICS.
2. STRENGTHEN THE LOWEST FUNCTIONARY REPORTING
   HORTICULTURE DATA FROM THE SELECTED VILLAGES/
   TEHSILS.
3. DESIGNATE NODAL OFFICER IN EACH STATE TO
   VALIDATE, COORDINATE AND SUPPLY DATA. ENVISAGE
   DATA CONSORTIUM TO CHECK INTERNAL DATA VARIATION
   AND INCONSISTENCY.
4. FOR FACILITATING SMOOTH COLLECTION, COORDINATION
   AND DISSEMINATION OF HORTICULTURE DATA FROM
   DISTRICT LEVEL TO CENTRE, STATE DEPARTMENTS NEED
   TO DEVELOP A STATE HORTICULTURE INFORMATION
   SYSTEM (HIS).

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WAY FORWARD AND PLAN OF ACTION

• BESIDES THE BASIC DATA FOR AREA AND PRODUCTION,
  THRUST SHOULD ALSO BE ON TIMELY AVAILABILITY OF
  THE RELATED DATA LIKE STORAGE, MARKET ARRIVALS,
  PRICES, EXPORTS ETC.
• CONDUCT/ORGANIZE HORTICULTURE CENSUS TO
  CREATE/UPDATE BASE-LINE (DISTRICT) DATA.
• EXTEND CROP CUTTING EXPERIMENTS TO COVER ALL
  IMPORTANT HORTICULTURE CROPS.
• PREPARATION OF GUIDELINES / MANUALS FOR
  COLLECTION OF DATA FOR VARIOUS CROPS.
• FOR COLLECTION OF DATA, ADOPT UNIFORM
  METHODOLOGY/APPROACH TO ENSURE CONCEPTUAL
  HOMOGENEITY.
• IN THIS CONNECTION, AN ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY
  HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED BY IASRI.

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Alternative Methodology

• An alternative methodology have been developed
  by IASRI taking into account information flowing
  from all sources including market arrivals,
  exports and growers associations.
• The methodology needs to be piloted in five
  states namely, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra,
  Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Karnataka
  before extending to the entire country.
• The broad objectives of the study included
• To test the developed alternative methodology for
  estimation of acreage under each major fruit and
  vegetable crops
• To test the developed alternative methodology for
  estimation of yield rates and total production of
  major fruit and vegetable crops grown in the
  State
• To estimate area and production of major fruits
  and vegetables using Remote Sensing GIS and
  field survey.

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Alternative Methodology

• The iasri proposal for the alternative
  methodology has financial implication of rs. 6.50
  crore.
• for the betterment of horticulture statistics,
  this is an opportunity.
• can the states come up with some way out for
  funding this endeavour?

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Thank you