Post harvest diseases of bhendi

1
Post harvest diseases of bhendi

• Alternaria rot - Alternaria alternata
• Rhizoctonia rot - Rhizoctonia solani

2
Alternaria rotAlternaria alternata

• Dark grey, slightly sunken irregular lesion,
  developing lengthwise
• Grey cottony mycelial mat bearing conidia
  appeared on the surface of developing lesions
• When diseased pod cut transversally blackened
  necrotic tissues

3

• Fungus
• Conidiophores - simple straight or curved,
  sometimes branched
• Yellow brown to medium golden brown colour
• Conidia - transverse and longitudinal septa, pale
  to dark brown in colour, produced in short chains

4
Rhizoctonia rot Rhizoctonia solani

• Pod - greenish color turning brown, and the
  infected tissues fully covered with mycelia
• Internally, immature seeds and placenta were
  infected and the diseased tissues were light
  brown to black
• Externally, mycelia tend to be fluffy and lighter
  in color, forming a large number of dark
  sclerotia on the fruit surface

• Pods showing distinct degrees of rotting
• Rotting of placenta tissues and immature seeds

5

• Fungus
• Produces pycnidia and sclerotia
• Pycnidiospores - hyaline, single celled, ovate to
  ellipsoid
• Mode of spread and survival
• R. solani overwinters in soils as mycelia on
  plant debris and as dark brown sclerotia that
  remain in soil for long periods
• Control
• Plant debris from previous crops should be
  removed before planting
• Quintozene sprayed in the soil before
  sowing-effective control

6

• Phoma canker (Phoma exigua)
• Water soaked lesion appear on fruits
• Black spots with irregular margin
• Black area - pycnidial formation
• 80-90 fruit loss post harvest rot of okra pods
  rhizoctonia solani in brazil
• Completely rotted, the pod's typical greenish
  color turning brown and the infected tissues
  fully covered with mycelia
• Internally, immature seeds and placenta infected
• Diseased tissues were light brown to black .
• Externally, mycelia tend to be fluffy and lighter
  in color, forming a large number of dark
  sclerotia on the fruit surface