Things You Need to Know About Your

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Things You Need to Know About Your

• Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) SALT
• By. Kathy Clark RN,BSN

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Objectives

• Patient will identify signs and symptoms of CHF.
• Patient will identify high sodium and low sodium
  foods

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What is CHF?
Heart failure is a chronic condition in which the
heart muscle gets progressively weaker and is
unable to pump effectively to meet the body's
need for blood and oxygen. Heart failure usually
results in an enlarged heart.
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Normal Heart
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Congested Heart
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Signs of Congestive Heart Failure

• Fatigue and weakness
• Shortness of breath (dyspnea) when you exert
  yourself or when you lie down
• Reduced ability to exercise
• Persistent cough or wheezing with white or pink
  blood-tinged phlegm
• Swelling (edema) in your legs, ankles and feet
• Swelling of your abdomen (ascites)
• Sudden weight gain from fluid retention
• Lack of appetite and nausea
• Difficulty concentrating or decreased alertness
• Irregular or rapid heartbeat

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Pictures of Signs and Symptoms of CHF

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Question 1

• Which food has less sodium?

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Answer
True
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What Sodium Levels Mean

• Sodium Free
• Less than 5 milligrams per serving
• Very Low Sodium
• Less than 35 milligrams per serving
• Low Sodium
• Less than 140 milligrams per serving
• Reduced Sodium
• 25 less sodium than comparable foods
• Unsalted or No Salt Added
• Made without the salt that's normally used

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Easier Sodium Levels

• 1/4 teaspoon salt
• 600 mg sodium
• 1/2 teaspoon salt
• 1,200 mg sodium
• 3/4 teaspoon salt
• 1,800 mg sodium
• 1 teaspoon salt
• 2,400 mg sodium
• 1 teaspoon baking soda
• 1000 mg sodium

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High Sodium foods to Avoid

• Canned soups and dry soup mixes
• Canned meats and fish (buy water-packed tuna or
  salmon instead)
• Ham, bacon and sausage
• Salted nuts and peanut butter
• Instant cooked cereals
• Salted butter and margarine
• Processed meats, such as deli items and hot dogs
• Prepared mixes (pancake, muffin, cornbread, etc.)
  
• Prepackaged frozen dinners (unless one serving
  has less than 400 mg of sodium)
• Preseasoned mixes (tacos, chili, rices, sauces,
  gravies, etc.)
• Snack foods (pretzels, potato chips, olives,
  cheeses, pickles)
• Salad dressings
• Fast food

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Pictures of High Sodium Foods
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Question 2

• Is Soy Sauce considered high in salt?

False
True
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True Answer

• Way to go!! You got it correct!

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False Answer

• Oops, Lets try again.

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Low Sodium Foods

• Use oil and vinegar as a salad dressing
• Order other dressings, sauces, and gravies on the
  side, so you can add very small amounts
• Skip the salted crackers, breadsticks, or
  croutons
• Choose steamed vegetables
• Ask about low-sodium entrees
• Choose items that can be made without saltsuch
  as grilled meat, fish, or poultry
• Avoid meats, poultry, or fish marinated in sauces
  that are often high in sodium

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Low Sodium Foods
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Tips to Decrease Salt

• Taking the salt shaker off of the table
• Being aware of salt content in recipes
• Seeking alternate spices
• When dining out, asking how food is prepared and
  requesting that salt not be added
• Reading labels for salt content (especially
  prepackaged foods and snacks).
• Adding extra potassium to your diet (e.g., eating
  a banana, drinking a cup of orange juice).

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Question 3

• Adding salt to my diet is not good for my heart?

True
False
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True Answer

• Great you answered correctly!

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False answer

• Im sorry, you have answered this incorrectly.
  Please go back and reread the question.

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Suggested readings

• American Heart
• Congestive Heart Failure
• Beginners Guide to CHF
• All About Food Labels
• Salt and CHF

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Disclaimer

• Website created maintained by K. Clark RN  All
  information contained in this website is based on
  medical research and is provided for general
  education.  Always consult your doctor before you
  engage in any type of health remedy or
  procedure.  This site is not a substitute for
  regular medical care.

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Credits

• Google
• American Heart
• Microsoft Power Point
• WebMD