Pakistan and her neighbours

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Pakistan and her neighbours
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• SECURITY SITUATION
• IN
• AFGHANISTAN/FATA
• ECONOMIC COSTS

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Security Environment

• Threat to Afghanistan is from five
  elements namely Taliban, drug mafia, warlords,
  tribal and political rivalries
• Gen. James Jones, NATO Commander

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Security Situation

• The Security situation in Afghanistan is
  worsening
• During 2008, attack on NATO Forces/Afghan
  Government installations increased by 40
• Violence not confined to areas adjacent to
  Pak-Afghan border but in provinces deep inside
  Afghanistan
• Taliban/Al-Qaeda resistance is turning into a
  mass scale insurgency
• Taliban have raised thousands of recruits who are
  paid better salaries than are paid to Government
  employees.
• According to perception in the local population,
  Taliban have reorganized and exercise control
  over large areas of Southern and Eastern
  Afghanistan.
• 4 Southern provinces Helmand, Kandhar, Zabul
  and Uruzgan are the main base and command center
  of Taliban and also of drugs.

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• Cross Border Movement
• - 2560 km Pak-Afghan border remains mostly un
  demarcated, ill- defined and porous.
• - There are 362 crossing points out of which 20
  crossing points are frequented and 340
  unfrequented
• - Most crossings take place from unfrequented
  routes
• - 10,000 to 30,000 people cross Torkham/Chaman
  border every day. (Businessmen, tribes, NGOs,
  international agencies, illegal immigrants)

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Pakistans Dilemma

• The situation in tribal areas of Pakistan will
  remain volatile due to instability in Afghanistan
• Three million Afghan refugees in Pakistan for the
  last 30 years a major economic drain, some of
  the Afghan refugee camps also provide save havens
  to Afghan insurgents
• Lack of resources to enforce border control
• The legacy of 30 years have established strong
  linkages between extremist elements in Pakistan
  with Taliban and Al-Qaeda
• External interference in NWFP and Baluchistan.

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Pakistans Role in bringing about stability in
Afghanistan and Tribal Areas

• Deployment of 1,20,000 troops along Pak-Afghan
  border and establishment of 900 border posts
• Pakistan still hosting more than 3 million Afghan
  refugees
• In our fight against Al-Qaeda and Taliban more
  than 1000 of Pakistan troops have lost lives
• Pakistan has captured more than 700 Al-Qaeda and
  Taliban elements and handed over to the US and
  Afghan Government
• Stable Afghanistan is Pakistans interest to
  ensure stability in Pakistan and for economic
  development of Pakistan and the region
• Pakistan is providing 300 million assistance to
  Afghanistan
• Pakistan provides training to Afghan Customs and
  Diplomats
• Registration of Afghan refugees
• Introduction of biometrics system

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• PAKISTAN SHOULD DO MORE?

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Characteristics of Pak-Afghan Border
Pakistan shares 2560 kms long border with
Afghanistan, out of which 1360 kms border is with
NWFP while the remaining 1200 kms is shared with
Balochistan
BADAKSHAN
MINTAKA
CHITRAL
NURISTAN
1360 km
KUNAR
NWFP
NANGARHAR
AFGHANISTAN
PESHAWAR
PAKTIA
KHYBER
KHOWST
2560 km
PAKTIKA
NWA
BANNU
ZABUL
SWA
KANDAHAR
ZHOB
BALOCHISTAN
CHAMAN
NIMROZ
QUETTA
HELMAND
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1200 km
NAUSHKI
ROBAT
NOK KUNDI
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BAJAUR
Characteristics of Pak-Afghan Border
MOMAND
PARACHINAR
AFGHANISTAN
PAKISTAN
FATA comprises 4200 sq kms of the Pak Afghan
border belt, which was considered No Go Area
before these operations
SWA
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Characteristics of Pak-Afghan Border
Pak - Afghan Border belt consists of mountainous
inhospitable terrain with heights ranging from
6000 to 15000 feet
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North Waziristan
Characteristics of Pak-Afghan Border
The area on both sides of the border lacks basic
infrastructure, due to which it is mostly under
developed and quite inaccessible. This makes
logistic support and sustenance of forces
extremely difficult
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MINTAKA PASS
Characteristics of Pak-Afghan Border
BROGHIL PASS
BADAKSHAN
DORA PASS
GILGIT
CHITRAL
NURISTAN
ARANDU PASS
Bari Kot
KUNAR
DIR
BAJAUR
NAWA PASS
Nawa Pass
NANGARHAR
KABUL
MOHAMAND
Torkham
KHYBER PASS
KABUL
The tribal border belt has split families and
tribes with property on both sides therefore,
cross border movement has been an accepted
practice since long
PESHAWAR
KHYBER
KURRAM
PAKTIA
GHAZNI
Chamkani
KHOWST
Lawara
ALWARA
NWA
INDUS
PAKTIKA
ANGOOR ADDA
SWA
GOMAL
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Strategy being Followed

• Application of military and para military forces
  to destroy hard core elements and establish the
  writ of the government, coupled with extensive
  deployment along the border to control cross
  border movement
• Engagement at the political level to secure the
  desired objectives Cont

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Strategy being Followed

• Revitalisation of the civil administration to
  improve governance
• Development of civic infrastructure of the
  region. For this purpose, Pakistan has allocated
  US 80 million while United States has promised
  US 150 million every year

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Operations Conducted by Pakistan Armed Forces
Pakistan Army has established 821 posts along the
border, as against approximately 120 that have
been established by Afghan National Army and NATO
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Operations Conducted by Pakistan Armed Forces
Approximately 1,12,000 regular and para military
forces are presently employed on our Western
Border
BADAKSHAN
MINTAKA
CHITRAL
NURISTAN
KUNAR
NWFP
NANGARHAR
AFGHANISTAN
PESHAWAR
PAKTIA
KHYBER
KHOWST
PAKTIKA
NWA
BANNU
ZABUL
SWA
KANDAHAR
ZHOB
BALOCHISTAN
CHAMAN
NIMROZ
QUETTA
HELMAND
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NAUSHKI
ROBAT
NOK KUNDI
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Operations Conducted by Pakistan Armed Forces

• 110 major operations by Pakistani Forces
• 13 joint operations with Coalition Forces

BADAKSHAN
MINTAKA
CHITRAL
NURISTAN
KUNAR
NWFP
NANGARHAR
AFGHANISTAN
PESHAWAR
PAKTIA
KHYBER
KHOWST
PAKTIKA
NWA
BANNU
ZABUL
SWA
KANDAHAR
ZHOB
BALOCHISTAN
CHAMAN
NIMROZ
QUETTA
HELMAND
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NAUSHKI
ROBAT
NOK KUNDI
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Casualty Figures

• Pakistan Armed Forces
• Martyred (Killed) Injured
• 1500 3746

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• A NEW STRATEGY
• Objectives
• 1) To end Suicide Bombings
• 2) Pacify FATA
• 3) Halt the spread of Taliban and militant
  influence
• 4) Support the stabilization of Afghanistan

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• ELEMENTS OF THE NEW
• STRATEGY
• 1) POLITICAL (Dialogue with Tribal elders, those
  willing to lay down Arms).
• 2) ECONOMIC (Reconstruction activity.
  employment).
• 3) MILITARY (Military action against those
  unwilling to surrender).

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• ECONOMIC COSTS
• Absence of economic development
• Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India Pipeline
  Project
• Negative effect on Education, Health in
  Afghanistan and Tribal Areas of Pakistan.
• Foreign Direct Investment.
• Transit and Access to sea of land locked States
  of Central Asian Republics and Afghanistan.
• Destruction of infrastructure.
• Environmental costs.

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Challenges.International

• Bilateral India, USA, China, Afghanistan, Iran
• Regional SAARC
• World Forums UN, OIC, WB
• Image
• Terrorist / Extremist
• Democracy
• Human Rights
• Minorities - Protection
• Women- Rapes / Votes
• Nuclear proliferation

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Challenges.National

• Economy
• Sustain macro economic achievements
• Strengthen Micro economics
• Poverty Alleviation Programs
• Control Inflation Price Hike
• Politics
• Decency, free from coercions and state
  interference
• Provincial Harmony Federal Concurrent Lists
• Social
• Extremism Presidents Enlightened Moderation
  Strategy
• Basic amenities Education, Health, Safe Drinking
  Water
• Law Order Battas, Theft (Mobiles,ATMs),
  Murders Rapes
• Security
• Internal Dissent

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AGENDA for CHANGE

• Strengthen All Institutions
• Focus On EDUCATION
• Develop Merit based society
• Acquire Knowledge and learn
• Engage In Research
• Unite irrespective of ethnic origin, language,
  religion, religious sect, region etc
• Agree on National Agenda
• All Parties, All Regions, ALL PEOPLE
• Zero Tolerance for Corruption
• Can we do it?