Turf Update

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Turf Update

• 23 September 2008
• Dr. Tony Koski
• Colorado State University Extension
• http//csuturf.colostate.edu

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Buffalograsses for Colorado

• Seeded types
• Bowie, Cody, Topgun for better turf
• Bison, Sharps Improved, Texoka for lower quality
  turf
• Vegetative types (best quality)
• Legacy (excellent winterhardiness)
• Prestige (good winterhardiness)
• Turfallo (winterhardy and good quality)
• 609, Prairie (marginal winterhardiness use only
  in south/southeastern CO, Grand Junction)

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Herbicides Injurious to Buffalograss Turf

• Preemergent Herbicides
• dithiopyr (Dimension)
• oryzalin (Surflan)
• siduron (Tupersan)

• Postemergent Herbicides
• 2,4-D
• dicamba
• fenoxaprop-ethyl (Acclaim Extra)
• mecoprop/MCPP
• MSMA
• sethoxydim (Poast, Vantage)
• triclopyr (Turflon)
• triclopyr 2,4-D (Turflon D)
• triclopyr clopyralid (Confront)

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Herbicides Safe for Established Buffalograss Turf

• Preemergent Herbicides
• benefin (Balan)
• bensulide (Bensulide)
• isoxaben (Gallery, Portrait)
• oxadiazon (Ronstar)
• pendimethalin (many, including Pre-M, Scotts
  Crabgrass Preventer/Halts)
• prodiamine (Barricade)
• imazapic (Plateau)

• Postemergent Herbicides
• carfentrazone (Quicksilver)
• clopyralid (Lontrel)
• imazapic (Plateau)
• metsulfuron (Manor)
• quinclorac (Drive)
• sulfosulfuron (Certainty)
• mesotrione (Tenacity) appears safe on established
  buffalograss, but is not labeled for buffalograss

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Manor (metsulfuron methyl)

• For use on Kentucky bluegrass, fine fescue and
  buffalograss lawns
• Will damage perennial ryegrass
• Low use rates 0.125 to 0.5 oz. product/acre
• Controls ryegrass, thistle, spurge, oxalis,
  filaree, yarrow, kochia, knotweed, dandelion,
  most legumes
• Nufarm Turf and Specialty
• http//www.turf.us.nufarm.com/

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How Can Plateau Be Used?

• Pre-emergent
• Early post-emergent
• Post-emergent
• Effective on annual and perennial grassy and
  broadleaf weeds

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Plateau-Tolerant Grass Species at Seeding

• Big and little bluestems
• Indiangrass
• Sideoats and blue gramas
• Buffalograss

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Plateau-Tolerant Grass Species When Established

• Bluestems
• Indiangrass
• Needlegrass
• Threeawn
• Sandreed
• Blue and sideoats grama
• Buffalograss
• Eastern gamagrass

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What Does Plateau Cost?

• At 6 oz per acre rate
• 375 per gallon
• 17-18 per acre

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Herbicides Safe for Seedling Buffalograss

• quinclorac (Drive)
• Excellent control of young annual grassy weeds
  (except goosegrass), as well as some annual and
  perennial broadleaf weeds (especially if in
  seedling stage). Large safety margin.
• carfentrazone (Quicksilver)
• Excellent and rapid (24 hour) control of seedling
  broadleaf weeds, including purslane and spurge.
  Will enhance effectiveness of quinclorac when
  applied as a tank mix. Very low use rate, but
  high safety margin.

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Quinclorac(Drive 75DF, Drive XLR8)

• Postemergent (1 lb. product/acre)
• crabgrass, foxtail, barnyardgrass (pre-tiller)
• clovers
• dandelion (with partner or sequential appl.)
• speedwells
• bindweed
• Good species tolerance (except fine fescues)
• Tank mixes well with other herbicides
• No effect on seed germination
• Avoid use near tomatoes and peppers (Solanaceae)

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Homeowner Postemergence Crabgrass Options

• Ortho product contains quinclorac (Drive)
• Will control most warm-season annual grasses,
  except for goosegrass
• Works fairly quickly
• Little potential for turf injury
• Dont use on fine fescue lawns

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Carfentrazone-ethyl(Quicksilver)

• Disrupts photosynthesis
• Good cool weather performance
• Injury symptoms appear within hours of
  application
• Weeds die in 7-14 days
• Safe on all cool-season species
• Application rate of 4-6 pints product/acre
• Overseeding can be done 2 weeks after application
• Safe on seedling turf following 2nd mowing

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Speed Zone

• Carfentrazone-ethyl 0.62
• 2,4-D, 2-ethylhexyl ester 28.57
• Mecoprop-p acid 5.88
• Dicamba, acid 1.71

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Power Zone

• Carfentrazone-ethyl 0.48
• MCPA, 2-ethylhxyl ester 41.98
• Mecoprop-p acid 5.39
• Dicamba, acid 2.69

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Dismiss

• Sulfentrazone
• Safe on most cool- and warm-season turf species
• Excellent for sedge control
• Good for annual broadleaf weeds
• Rapid activity
• Shoot and root uptake

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Surge

• Sulfentrazone, with 2,4-D, MCPP, dicamba
• Cool-season grasses and buffalograss
• Water-based amine, low odor
• For weed control when gt90 F
• Fast-acting (24-48 hrs)
• Photosynthetic inhibitor
• Dandelion, clover, oxalis, spurge, knotweed,
  plantain

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Q4

• Quinclorac
• Sulfentrazone
• 2,4-D (amine salt)
• Dicamba (amine salt)
• Excellent cool-season turf safety
• Controls annual grassy weeds and long list of
  annual and perennial broadleaf weeds

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Certainty (sulfosulfuron) for Selective Poa
trivialis Control in Bluegrass and Bentgrass

• Used for nutsedge control in south
• Kentucky bluegrass turf
• 0.75 oz. product/acre, or 2 appl. of 0.5
  oz./acre, 3-4 weeks apart
• KBG/rye or KBG/fine fescue, bentgrass
• 2-3 applications at rate of 0.25 oz/acre, 3-4
  weeks apart
• Single 0.5 oz/acre follow with overseeding 3-4
  weeks later
• Will suppress (0.5 oz)/control (0.75 oz) tall
  fescue, quackgrass, Poa annua, clover, dandelion,
  mustards
• Label for bent, rye and KBG tees, fairways,
  roughs, sod farms

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Rough bluegrass (Poa trivialis)
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Poa trivialis in home lawn
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Tenacity (mesotrione)A New Herbicide for Turf
Weed Control

• Has a novel mode of action based on a naturally
  produced compound from the bottlebrush plant
  (Callistemon citrinis)
• Absorbed by leaves, shoots, and roots and rapidly
  translocated in the xylem and phloem of
  susceptible plants
• Prevents carotenoid production in leaves, leading
  to destruction of chlorophyll and cell membranes
• Highly active at low use rates as a pre- and
  post-emergence herbicide
• Provides selective broad-spectrum dicot and
  monocot weed control in a number of turf species
• Can use at or prior to seeding of proposed
  labeled turfgrass species
• Low toxicity to wildlife and aquatic organisms
  and short persistence in the environment

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Turf Species Labeled for Tenacity

• Kentucky bluegrass 0.16-0.25 lb. ai/a
• Perennial ryegrass 0.16 lb. ai/a
• Tall fescue 0.16-0.25 lb. ai/a
• Fine fescues (red, Chewings, hard) 0.16 lb. ai/a
• Currently labeled for use on sod farms and golf
  courses ONLY residential/lawn label expected in
  late 2008/early 2009

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Dicot Weeds Controlled by Tenacity

• Buttercup/Ranunculus (post)
• Chickweeds (pre and post)
• Clover (pre and post)
• Dandelion (post)
• Oxalis (post)
• Speedwell species (post)
• Canada thistle (post)
• Sowthistle (post)

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Field speedwell Veronica persica
Mock strawberry Duchesnea chrysantha
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Mesotrione (Tenacity) for Bentgrass Control in
Ryegrass and Kentucky BluegrassSyngenta Company

• 2 applications 0.25 lb ai/A, at 10-14 interval
• 3 applications 0.17 lb ai/A, at 10-14 day
  interval
• 80-90 control at 15 weeks after treatment
• Preemergent and postemergent activity on
  crabgrass, some broadleaf weeds

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Specialty Herbicide Availability for the Homeowner
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Specialty Herbicide Availability for the
HomeownerMonterey Chemical
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Specialty Herbicide Availability for the
HomeownerEwing Irrigation
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Specialty Herbicide Availability for the
HomeownerEwing Irrigation
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Specialty Herbicide Availability for the
HomeownerEwing Irrigation
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Specialty Herbicide Availability for the
HomeownerLesco/John Deere Landscapes
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Specialty Herbicide Availability for the
HomeownerLesco/John Deere Landscapes
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Specialty Herbicide Availability for the
HomeownerLesco/John Deere Landscapes
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Perennial Weedy Grass Species

• Tall fescue
• Quackgrass
• Bromegrass
• Bentgrass
• Zoysiagrass
• Bermudagrass
• Poa annua
• Poa trivialis

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Quackgrass (Agropyron repens)

• Coarse, blue-green leaves
• Aggressive rhizome former
• Rolled vernation
• Early spring green-up
• Common ag and ditchbank weed
• Can be selectively controlled in bluegrass turf
  with Certainty herbicide (sulfosulfuron)

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Bermudagrass Suppression in Cool-Season Turf

• Acclaim Extra (fenoxaprop)
• 20 oz./acre
• every 28-35 days
• begin at green-up
• must be actively growing
• no more than 121 oz/yr

• Turflon (triclopyr)
• 1 quart/acre
• apply at 4 week intervals
• 4-5 applications
• actively growing grass
• Improved control if tank-mixed with a post
  emergence herbicide registered for this use
  pattern

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Bermudagrass Suppression in Cool-Season Turf

• Triclopyr fenoxaprop
• Triclopyr mesotrione
• Triclopyr mesotrione fenoxaprop

Make first SPRING application (mid-late May) when
bermudagrass is at 60 greenup follow with 2
additional applications at 3-week intervals
Make first FALL application at 9 weeks prior to
first hard frost (begin late July) follow with 2
additional applications at 3-week intervals
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Selective Bermudagrass Control for the Homeowner

• Bayer product contains fenoxaprop
• Will control all warm-season annual grasses,
  including sandbur
• Works somewhat slowly (weeks)
• May cause some slight (but noticeable)
  discoloration on bluegrass
• DONT use on buffalograss, zoysiagrass, and - of
  course - bermudagrass

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Black medic (Medicago lupulina)

• Healthy turf
• Increase N fertility
• Preemergent control
• Gallery
• Postemergent control
• MCPP, MCPA
• Drive
• Clopyralid products
• Tenacity

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Yarrow (Achillea)

• Healthy turf
• Increase N fertility
• Preemergent control
• none
• Postemergent control
• 3- and 4-way products
• Clopyralid products
• Tenacity?
• VERY DIFFICULT WEED!

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Bindweed (Convolvulus)

• Healthy turf suppresses it
• Increase N fertility
• Preemergent control
• none
• Postemergent control
• 3- and 4-way products
• Clopyralid products
• Drive, Q4 VERY good!

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Khakiweed (Alternanthera pungens)

• Annual perennial in far south
• Prolific seed producer
• Preemergence control
• Gallery (isoxaben?)
• Postemergence control
• Spotlight (1 pt/A) Speedzone or Powerzone (4
  pts/A)
• Quicksilver, Dismiss (with pendimethalin?)

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Texas bluegrass (Poa arachnifera Torr.)
Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.)
X
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Bandera Texas X Kentucky Hybrid BluegrassSeed
Research of Oregon
Bandera

• Improved seed germination
• High heat tolerance
• Active summer growth
• Stress tolerance
• Good turf quality

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Hybrid Bluegrass Varieties

• Gardner Turfgrass
• Reveille
• The Scotts Company
• Thermal Blue
• Solar Green
• Thermal Blue Blaze
• Dura Blue
• Seed Research of Oregon
• Bandera, Spitfire
• Turf-Seed Inc.
• Longhorn
• Others
• Fire and Ice, Fahrenheit 90

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Fine fescues - Festuca

• Low maintenance species
• Low water availability
• Low nitrogen fertility
• Slow growth - reduced mowing
• All have fine, wiry leaves
• Dense, attractive turf
• High shade tolerance
• Improved types good in full sun

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Fine fescues look great mowed or unmowed, for a
native look.
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The Fine Fescues

• Chewings Fescue 
• Festuca rubra commutata
• Creeping Red Fescue
• Festuca rubra
• Hard Fescue
• Festuca ovina duriuscula
• Sheep's Fescue
• Festuca ovina tenuifolia
• Slender Creeping Red Fescue
• Festuca rubra trichophylla

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Chewings Fescue

• Most versatile fine fescue
• High to low management
• Shade and drought tolerant
• Quick germination
• Fine texture and erect growth
• High shoot density and high tillering
• Tolerates acid soils
• Most wear and compaction tolerant
• Summer patch resistant

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Chewings Fescue

• Improved cultivars dwarf and dark green
• Superior heat tolerance
• Blend well with other fine fescues, colonial
  bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial
  ryegrass
• Uses greens, fairways and roughs of golf
  courses, home lawns in sun and shade, highway
  roadsides and orchard covers and in overseeding
  of warm season turfgrasses

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Chewings Fescue(Festuca rubra commutata)

• Ambassador
• Cascade
• Compass
• Culumbra II
• Longfellow II
• 7 Seas
• Silhouette
• SR 5130
• SR 5100
• Zodiac

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Cold-Hardy Bermudagrass

• Seeded hybrids
• Good turf quality
• Heat and traffic tolerant
• Drought resistant
• Moderately quick establishment rate

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Bella Kentucky bluegrasshttp//www.sodsolutions.c
om/
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Weed or fertilizer?
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