The States of Matter Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma

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The States of MatterSolid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma
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For each topic, include

• Definition of each
• Describe the placement of the particles in each
• Describe the attraction of the particles in each
• Describe what the atoms and molecules are doing

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• States of Matter The physical forms in which a
  substance can exist.
• Water exists in 3 states of matter solid (ice),
  liquid (water), and gas (steam)

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• Matter consists of tiny particles called atoms
  and molecules which are always in motion and
  constantly bumping into one another

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• State of matter is determined by how fast the
  particles move and how strongly the particles are
  attracted to one another

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Solid

• The state in which matter has a definite shape
  and volume
• Particles of a solid are close together
• Attraction of the particles are strong

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• Atoms or molecules move, but not fast enough to
  overcome the attraction between them
• Each particle vibrates in place because it is
  locked in position by the particles around it

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Liquid

• The state in which matter takes the shape of its
  container and has a definite volume
• The atoms or molecules in liquids move fast
  enough to overcome some of the attractions
  between them.

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• The particles slide past each other until the
  liquid takes the shape of its container.
• Liquids can change shape, but not volume

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Gas

• The state in which matter changes in both shape
  and volume.
• The atoms or molecules move fast enough to break
  away completely from one another

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• The particles of a gas have less attraction
  between them than in a solid or liquid
• There is empty space between particles

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Plasma Questions

• Define plasma.
• Complete sentence Scientists estimate
• Explain the differences between the properties of
  plasma and gases
• List natural plasmas
• List artificial plasmas

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Plasma

• The state of matter that does not have a definite
  shape or volume and whose particles have broken
  apart
• 99 of the known matter in the universe,
  including the sun and other stars is made of
  plasma

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• Plasma properties include conductors of electric
  current, affected by electric and magnetic fields
• Natural plasmas are found in lightning, fire, and
  the aurora borealis
• Artificial plasmas are found in fluorescent
  lights and plasma balls

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Melting

• The change of state from a solid to a liquid
• The melting point of a substance is the
  temperature at which the substance changes from a
  solid to a liquid

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Freezing

• The change of state from a liquid to a solid
• The freezing point of a substance is the
  temperature at which the substance changes from a
  solid to a liquid

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Vaporization

• The change of state from a liquid to a gas
• Boiling is vaporization that occurs throughout a
  liquid
• The temperature at which a liquid boils is called
  its boiling point

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Condensation

• The change of state from a gas to a liquid
• Condensation point of a substance is the
  temperature at which the gas becomes a liquid and
  is the same temperature as the boiling point

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Sublimation

• The change of state from a solid directly into a
  gas

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Temp. change vs. State change

• While a substance changes state, its temperature
  does not change until the change of state is
  complete.