How to distinguish benign and malignant tumors

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• Section 6
• How to distinguish benign and malignant tumors

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Comparisons between benign and malignant tumors
Benign Malignant
Differentiation Well Poor or lack
Mitoses Few or no pathologic mitoses Always, have pathologic mitoses
Growth rate Slow Rapid
Secondary changes Less bleeding and necrosis Common in bleeding and necrosis
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Comparisons between benign and malignant tumors
Benign Malignant
Growth pattern Expansive or exotexic have envelope Invasive or exotexic no envelop
Metastasis No Often
Recurrence Rare Always
Affection Mainly local oppress and obstruction Great, destruction, bleeding, infection, pain, cachexia
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• Annotation
• 1. Above comparisons are relative, i.g. Angioma
  is benign, but invasion growth, carcinoma of base
  cell is malignant, but rare metastasis.
• 2. Some boundary tumors are between benign and
  malignant.
• 3. Some benign tumors may change to malignant
• 4. There are different malignant level of
  different malignant tumors.

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Comparisons between benign and malignant
(Quoted from Robbins Pathology
Basis of disease)
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