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Elements of Language

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Elements of Language. Phonemes. Morpheme. Grammar. Semantics. syntax. Elements of Language ... Chomsky- innate, wired for language, 'grammar switches', support ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Elements of Language


1
Elements of Language
  • Phonemes
  • Morpheme
  • Grammar
  • Semantics
  • syntax

2
Elements of Language
3
Aspects of Language
  • All languages are complex---even Stone-Age lang.

4
Cognition Language
  • Decision-making C
  • Problem solving B
  • Cognitive efficiency A
  • Using language A

5
Aspects of Language
  • O.E.D. 290,500 main entries
  • Infinite of sentences

6
Language Acquisition
  • Babbling stage
  • One-word stage
  • Two-word stage
  • Telegraphic speech

7
Language Acquisition
  • Skinner-associative acquisition and modeling
    strengthened by operant conditioning

8
Language Acquisition
  • Chomsky- innate, wired for language, grammar
    switches, support from twin studies

9
Language Acquisition
  • Cognitive neuroscience- N/N, critical periods,
    statistical analysis

10
Language Universals
  • 1. Semanticity- sounds of human lang. convey
    meaning.
  • 2. Arbitrariness- no inherent connection between
    symbols of lang. And meaning.

11
Language Universals
  • 3. Flexibility of symbols- connection between
    symbol and meaning is changeable and
    inventable.
  • 4. Naming- we name all objects, feelings,
    concepts we experience.

12
Language Universals
  • 5. Displacement- verb constructions denoting past
    and future allow us to talk of things other than
    the present.
  • 6. Productivity- (generativity) we generate and
    create sentences rather than repeat them.

13
Thinking w/o Language
  • Imagery
  • Clarity and Control
  • Cognitive maps

14
Thinking w/o Language
  • Use of Imagery to enhance performance
  • Goal imagery
  • Process imagery

15
Animal Thinking and Language
  • Primates
  • Bees
  • Your pets?
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