Waste Paper

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Waste Paper
Ethanol

• Converting Waste Paper into Ethanol
• March 28, 2008

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Outline

• U.T.C. Engineering
• Agricultural Comparison
• Papernol Process Overview
• Material Balances
• Energy Balances
• Equipment Sizing and Cost
• Full Scale Outlook
• Current Development

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Distillation
Intro Chemical Process
Thermodynamics
Engineering Economics
Senior Papernol Project
Freshman Design
Process design
Heat Mass Transfer
Reactor Design
Unit Operations
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UTC Papernol Team - 2008
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How is Papernol Different?
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Papernol Advantages

• Value added to waste stream
• Resource from Local Community
• Improves Local Economy
• Minimal Transportation/Fuel Inputs
• No Cropland Requirement

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Acid Hydrolysis Dilute acid to generate glucose
from cellulose
Fermentation Convert Glucose into Ethanol
Purification Separate Ethanol from water
Papernol Process
C6H10O5 H2O H? C6H12O6
C6H12O6 Yeast ? 2 CO2 2 C2H6O
Preparation and Hydrolysis
Fermentation
Purification
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Material Balances
EtOH 500 gal/day
PAPER 10,000 lb/day
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Preparation (Basis 10,000 lb paper/Day)
150,000 lb H2O
10,000 lb paper
160,000 lb slurry 8,000 lb cellulose
Research 7 paper water mixture
80 paper is cellulose
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Hydrolysis (Basis 10,000 lb paper/Day)
1600 lb H2SO4acid
10 lb steam/hr
2600 lb steam/hr
1300 lb NaOH
150,000 lb H2O 5600 lb glucose
70 conversion
160,000 lb slurry
7300 lb solid waste
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Evaporation - Fermentation (Basis 10,000 lb
paper/Day)
860 lb yeast
2750 lb CO2
3,000 lb steam/hr
1600 gal CW/hr
62,000 lb H2O 2850 lb EtOH
150,000 lb H2O 5600 lb glucose
62,000 lb H2O 5600 lb glucose
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Purification (Basis 10,000 lb paper/Day)
2,800 lb EtOH
Azeotrope at 88
500 gal EtOH
65,000 lb EtOHH2O 1.8 EtOH
62,200 lb H2O
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Energy Balances
QLOST
QIN 49 million BTU/day
QPRODUCT 38 million BTU/day
QADDED
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Preparation
55 kW
18 kW
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Hydrolysis
QIN7700 BTU/hr
QIN2.1 MM BTU/hr
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Evaporation - Fermentation
QOUT 333,000 BTU/hr
QIN 4 MM BTU/hr
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Purification
QOUT 1.7 MM BTU/hr
QIN 2750 BTU/hr
QOUT9300 BTU/hr
QIN 2.5 MM BTU/hr
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Equipment Size and Cost
Equipment Size(ft3) Quantity Total Cost (1000)
Storage Hopper 98 3 2
Shredder 1700 1 32
Mixer 1700 1 42
Hydrolysis Tank 2700 1 26
Evaporator 1
Fermentation Vessel 800 4 61
Mixer fermentation 20 1 1
Distillation Column 360 1 600
Molecular Sieve 2 20
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Equipment Size and Cost
Equipment Size(ft3) Quantity Total Cost (1000)
Slurry Pump 1 22
Slurry Heat Exchanger 2500 ft2 1 102
Acid Heat Exchanger 11 ft2 1 3
Conveyor N/A 2 22






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Current Development

• Economics
• Environmental Aspects
• (CO2 foot print)
• Utility Costs

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Stages of Project Development
Lab Proof of Concept

• Lab Scale Proof of Concept
• Currently in Progress at UTC
• Available Budget 500
• Restricted Testing

Pilot Scale 2009-2010 Integrated
Processing Utilize TVA/UTC Chickamauga
Site Estimated Budget 1,000,000
Medium Scale 2008-2009 Small Demonstration
Budget 150,000 Tested Using UTC ENGR Labs
Medium Small Demonstration
Pilot Integrated Processing
Orange Grove 2010-2011 Full Unit Skid-Mounted
Modular Estimated budget 3,000,000
Full Scale Unit Orange Grove Center
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Potential Orange Grove Site
Process 10,000 lb Paper 500 gal of Ethanol per
day gt Three Tractor Trailers
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Papernol Outlook

• Orange Grove 500 gal/day max.
• Adds value to Orange Grove
• Competitive with Corn Switchgrass
• A Renewable Ethanol Source

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Thank You For Visiting Us !

• What Have We Forgotten?