Project Cycle Management PCM

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Project Cycle Management (PCM)

• Participatory Planning

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What is Project?

• Objective
• Activities ? Outputs
• Duration
• Budget(Input)
• Resources (Input)

An undertaking for the purpose of achieving
established objectives, within a given budget and
time period.
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What is Project Cycle ?

• Project identification
• Project formation
• Appraisal
• Implementation
• Monitoring
• Plan revision
• Evaluation
• Feedback

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Project Cycle Management
PDM
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Do
See
We are in this stage.
Plan
Do
See
See
Do
Plan
Plan
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Project Design Matrix(PDM)
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PDM Vertical Logic

• Project Purpose
• Objectives that the project should achieve
  within the project duration
• Overall Goal
• Direction that the project should take next
• Outputs
• Strategies for achieving the Project Purpose
• Activities
• Specific actions taken to produce Outputs
• Important Assumptions
• Conditions important for project success, but
  that cannot be controlled by the projects.
  Whether these conditions develop or not is
  uncertain.

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PDM Horizontal Logic

• Objectively Verifiable Indicators
• Standards for measuring project achievement.
• Means of Verification
• Data sources from which indicators are derived.
• Inputs
• Personnel, materials, equipments, facilities and
  funds required by the project.
• Preconditions
• Conditions that must be fulfilled before a
  project gets underway

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Characteristics of PCM
Participatory Approach
Logicality
Problem-Solving
Transparency
Consistency
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(No Transcript)
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Needs of Local People Ownership of Beneficiaries
Transparency of Project Process
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Development of PCM Method

• Late 1960s Logical Framework (USAID)
• ? International Agencies introduce the
  Logframe
• Early 1980s ZOOP (GTZ)
• Objectives-Oriented Project Planning
• ? European countries adapt the ZOPP
• Early 1990s PCM(FASID)
• ? JICA begins full-scale introduction of the
  PCM

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Participants in the Workshop
Moderator
Recipient country implementing agency
Other organization
Recipient country governmental agency
Resident of the community
Personnel of the donor agency
Expert in a related issue
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PCM Workshop
Analyzing step by step
Consensus
Cards Board
Moderator
Working as a team
Visualizing ideas
Brainstorming
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8 Rules

• Write down your own statement on a card.
• Write only one idea on a card.
• Make your statement specific.
• Express your statement in a concise sentence.
• Stick to the facts and avoid abstractions and
  generalizations.
• Make it a rule to write cards before beginning
  discussions.
• Do not remove a card from the board before a
  consensus is obtained.
• Do not ask who wrote a particular card.

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7 Steps in PP
Analysis Stage
Stakeholders Analysis
Problems Analysis
Objectives Analysis
We are practicing by this stage.
Project Selection
Planning Stage
Plan of Operation
PDM
Appraisal
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Working together
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STEP1 Stakeholders Analysis
Identify the issues, problems, and current
conditions of the target area through analyzing
the area and local residents targeted for
assistance, related groups, related organizations
and agencies. Focus on people and
organization. Tentatively select a target group.
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STEP2 Problems Analysis

• Problems Analysis visually represents the
  causes and effects of existing problems in the
  project area, in the form of a Problem Tree. It
  clarifies the relationships among the identified
  problems.

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STEP3 Objectives Analysis

• Objective Analysis clarifies the means-ends
  relationship between the desirable situation that
  would be attained one problems have been solved
  and the solution for attaining it. This stage
  also requires an Objective Tree.

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STEP4 Project Selection

• Project Selection is a process in which
  specific project strategies are selected from
  among the objectives and means raised in
  Objectives Analysis, based upon selection
  criteria.

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STEP5 Formation of the PDM

• The project design Matrix (PDM) is formed
  through elaborating the major project components
  and plans based on the approach selected. The
  format of PDM is similar to that of the Logical
  Framework, and therefore can be commonly used
  worldwide.

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STEP6 PDM Appraisal

• The PDM Appraisal is conducted by an aid agency
  to ensure the project plan. It is composed of
  the following stage
• (1) Examination of the details of the PDM
  elements (2) review of the PDM formation
  process (3) examination from the perspective of
  the five evaluation criteria.

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STEP7 Plan of Operations

• The Plan of Operation is prepared by the
  project implementers, based on the PDM and other
  information. It is an effective tool for project
  implementation and management, and provides
  important data for monitoring and evaluation of
  the project.

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Rules for Writing Problems

• Write in a Sentence.
• Make Clear Subject and Object.
• 2. Avoid No Solution.
• Avoid Generalization. Be Specific.
• Dont Write a Cause and Effect in One Card.
• Be Specific Whose problem.

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Example Format of Plan of Operation
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Monitoring and Evaluation

• The Five Evaluation Criteria
• Efficiency
• Effectiveness
• Impact
• Relevance
• Sustainability

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• Efficiency
• The productivity in project implementation. The
  degree to which Inputs have been converted into
  Outputs.
• Effectiveness
• The degree to which the Project Purpose
  has been achieved by the project Outputs.
• Impact
• Positive and negative changes produced, directly
  or indirectly, as a result of the Implementation
  of the project.
• Relevance
• The validity of the Overall Goal and Project
  Purpose at the evaluation stage.
• Sustainability
• The durability of the benefits an and
  development effects produced by the project after
  its completion.