WINDOWS

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WINDOWS

• Natural Light
• Ventilation
• Privacy
• Contributes to the atmosphere of a room
• Adds detail to a decorative scheme
• Gives balance and design to the exterior of a
  structure

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WINDOW TYPES

• DOUBLE-HUNG WINDOW
• The most common popular since colonial times
• window opens vertically from the bottom, the
  top, or both
• these windows are usually tall rather than wide
• Advantages readily available, produced in a
  wide variety of sizes easy to install rarely
  warp or stick flush mounted so they dont
  interfere with draperies or traffic.
• Disadvantages difficult to clean on the outside
  no protection from the rain can be difficult to
  open and close when furniture is in front of
  them.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• Horizontal Sliding Windows
• Move on tracks at the bottom and top
• Generally contain two movable sashes one or both
  sides can be open at a time.
• A wide range of standard sizes is available.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• CASEMENT WINDOW
• Usually have two sashes hinged at the side to
  swing outward.
• Cranks are generally used to open and close
  casements push bars or handles may also be used.
• Advantages They are great ventilators, can be
  easily opened when located above a kitchen
  counter or behind furniture, screens and storm
  sashes are easy to install and removed.
• Disadvantages because they project outward and
  they can be bumped easily, they should not be
  installed near walks or play areas. They collect
  dirt easily and do not keep rain out when open.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• AWNING WINDOWS
• Hinged at the top and swing outward
• Manufactured as single or multiple units stacked
  in a single frame
• Sashes are open with a crank or a push bar
• Provide good ventilation and rain protection
• Should not be located where they could interfere
  with pedestrian traffic.
• They collect dirt when open.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• HOPPER WINDOWS
• Hinged at the bottom and swing into a room.
• A lock handle positioned at the top of each unit
  opens them.
• Designed for low placement on a wall
• Improve air movement and do not interfere much
  with draperies.
• Frequently used at basement windows as well.
• Easy to clean.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• JALOUSIE WINDOWS
• Consist of a series of narrow horizontal slats, 3
  to 8 inches wide, held by a metal frame.
• Slats operate in unison, similar to Venetian
  (horizontal) blinds.
• They open outward, but produce little
  interference due to their narrow slats.
• Used where ventilation is a major concern
• Disadvantage they do not seal well and allow for
  substantial air infiltration when closed,
  difficult to wash because of the small glass
  sections.
• Produced in a variety of sizes.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• The purpose for fixed windows, i.e. picture
  window, is to admit light and provide a view.
• They do not permit ventilation
• Generally oriented to an exterior setting that
  enhances a room in the living area.
• Usually custom made rather than a standard size.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• Special-shaped windows, such as triangles,
  trapezoids, octagons, and circle-top windows are
  generally used as an architectural design
  element.
• These windows permit daylight, but are rarely
  designed to open and provide ventilation.
• Since fixed and special-shaped windows do not
  open, weather stripping, hardware, and screens
  are not required.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• Fixed windows may be used in conjunction with
  sliding and swinging windows. I.e. hopper windows
  are often combined with an upper, fixed window a
  three-section window may have fixed glass in the
  center and casements on both sides.
• Combination windows allow an unobstructed view
  and ventilation.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• Bay windows and Bow windows are combination
  windows with their sections at angles so the
  window projects out from the structure.
• The side windows on a Bay window are normally
  places at a 45.
• Bow windows have a series of 4 to 7 units that
  form an arc that extends beyond the outside wall.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• Used to admit light into areas of a structure
  that has little or no natural light.
• Skylights are usually located on the roof or
  ceiling and are available in several basic
  shapes, sizes and can be customized.
• Clerestory windows are placed high on a wall and
  may be a series of standard windows or
  custom-made, fixed windows.
• Either can achieve dramatic lighting effects in a
  room.

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TYPES

• Sliding Windows
• Swinging Windows
• Fixed Special-Shaped Windows
• Combination Windows
• Skylights Clerestory Windows

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WINDOW TREATMENTS

• Controls
• -light
• -air
• -privacy
• Complements the design scheme
• Help beautify the interior

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TYPES OF WINDOW TREATMENTS
Draperies Curtains Shades Blinds Shutters Sliding
Panels Screens Other Treatments Exterior Window
Treatments
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Draperies Pleated panels that can cover the
glass area or be pulled to one or both sides for
decorative purposes.

• Center draw draperies open and close at the
  center of the window.
• One-way draw draperies pull as one unit across
  the entire window area.
• Stationary panel draperies stay positioned at the
  sides of a window to frame the view. These are
  used when privacy is not essential
• Tier draperies utilize several tiers of short
  draperies. Each tier may be controlled
  individually.
• Sheer casement draperies are see-through
  draperies. They provide some privacy and filter
  sunlight, but not to the extent of typical
  heavier fabrics. Often hung close to the glass
  while heavier, more opaque draperies are
  positioned further from the wall. This pairing of
  draperies is called double-draw draperies.

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Drapery Styles
Center Draw Draperies
One-Way Draw Draperies
Stationary Panel Draperies
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Sheer Casement Draperies
Tier Draperies
Double Draw Draperies
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Draperies (continued)
Cornices
Draperies are frequently topped with cornices,
valances, or lambrequins. Cornice a horizontal
decorative treatment across the top of the window
generally made of wood that is padded and covered
with fabric.
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Valance a horizontal, decorative fabric
treatment across the top of draperies to provide
a finished appearance and hide hardware and cords.
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Lambrequin a cornice that extends down the
sides of the window.
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Curtains - usually considered less formal than
draperies they add to the charm of any room.

• Popular types of curtains include shirred,
  ruffled, and café curtains.
• Shirred curtains are gathered directly on rods.
  Some curtain panels can be placed on rods at the
  top and bottom, and then stretched tightly for a
  more formal look.

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Curtains (continued)

• Ruffled curtains are edges with ruffles on the
  hem and sometimes the sides. They are frequently
  finished with ruffled valances and tiebacks.
  Priscilla-type curtains cross at the top and are
  generally made of sheer or semi-sheer fabrics
  that are ruffled on three sides.

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Curtains (continued)

• A tieback is a cord or fabric strip
  used to hold back a
  curtain panel
  to the side of the window.
• Café curtains are straight curtains hung from
  rings that slide along a rod. They may be used
  in tiers to cover an entire window, or they may
  cover the window bottom with or without a
  matching valance at the top. The curtain tops may
  be looped, scalloped, or pinch pleated. Café
  curtains are considered the most informal of the
  curtain types.

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Shades - the second most common window treatment
is window shades. These are screens of fabric or
other material that filter or block light.

• Often used in combination with decorative
  curtains to protect the curtains from fading and
  to block light without closing the curtains.
• Also effective in reducing heat loss in winter
  and heat gain in summer.
• Main types of shades are roller shades, roman
  shades, Austrian shades, and pleated fabric
  shades.

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Shades (continued)
Roller shades composed of a strip of material
hung on a roller from the top of a window
available in opaque and translucent styles.
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Shades (continued)

• Roman shades are pulled up by cords, they do
  not roll up. Made from decorative fabric and are
  generally used alone as a window covering. They
  hang flat when closed, but fold into horizontal
  pleats when raised.

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Shades (continued)

• Austrian shades are designed to operate the same
  as Roman shades however, they have scallops of
  sheer fabric between the vertical cords. Often
  used in formal rooms where they provide an
  elegant accent.

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Shades (continued)

• Pleated fabric shades available in two types
  accordion and honeycomb.
• Accordion pleated shades ( a single layer of
  polyester web, mesh, or solid fabric that is
  folded into thin, horizontal pleats)
• Honeycomb pleated shades (smaller pleats that
  operate on the same principle as the accordion
  pleated shade except there are two pleated shades
  bonded together. This results in a honeycomb
  cross-section of pockets that increase energy
  efficiency. The exterior is white to reflect sun
  the interior may be any colour or pattern.

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Blinds - a series of slats supported by tapes and
operated by cords the slats are wood, metal, or
plastic.

• Horizontal blinds are a popular window treatment
  that comes in three basic choices of slat widths
  2-inch venetian blinds, 1-inch mini-blinds, and
  ½-inch micro-blinds.
• The mini-blind is a contemporary version of the
  Venetian blind available in a wide range of
  colours and is very lightweight.
• Can also be used with a wide variety of draw or
  side draperies.
• These blinds are difficult to dust and clean, but
  some windows enclose the blinds between two panes
  of glass.
• Micro-blinds have similar characteristics to
  mini-blinds, but are not as durable.
• Advantages nearly complete control of light and
  the direction of airflow can be completely
  hidden behind a valance or other treatments if
  desired. They are relatively durable,
  inexpensive and aesthetically pleasing. New
  materials, patterns, and colours make horizontal
  blinds a versatile decorating tool.

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Blinds (continued)
Venetian Blinds
Mini-blinds
Micro-blinds
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Blinds (continued)

• Vertical Blinds consist of a series of vertical
  slats that hang from an upper track. Slats made
  of metal, fabric-covered plastic, or wood may be
  joined by a chain at the bottom.
• Some can accommodate inserts of coordinating
  fabric or wall paper.
• Can be angled from side to side to control the
  sunlight or completely shut to conserve energy.
• They provide a view only in the direction of the
  opened slats and block all other views.
• They create a feeling of height in the room.
• Do not collect dust as quickly as horizontal
  blinds
• One disadvantage is children and pets can easily
  damage them.

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Blinds (continued)
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Shutters - attached with hinges so they can be
opened to admit light and more ventilation.

• One or more units may be connected to cover
  several windows or a single wide window.
• Traditional shutters have louvered (move up or
  down) or fixed slats.
• Contemporary shutters utilize fretwork inserts
  combined with a backing of fabric or some other
  opaque material
• May be used in combination with curtains and
  blinds or other window treatments.
• Can be painted to match any colour scheme or
  décor.
• Provide privacy and ventilation, which makes them
  good choices for bedrooms and bathrooms.

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Shutters (continued)
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Sliding Panels Screens

• Can provide dramatic window treatments and a
  spectacular focal point within a room.
• Wood panels may have latticework or carving,
  backed with translucent or opaque material.
• Fabric panels are made by stretching fabric over
  a wooden frame. These may be manufactured or
  custom made with fabrics that match or compliment
  other pieces in the room. Some have painted
  scenes.
• Sliding screens may be used in place of draperies
  or curtains. The screens require a series of
  tracks at the top and bottom as well as space
  beside the door or window if they are to be fully
  opened.

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Sliding Panels Screens(continued)
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Sliding Panels Screens(continued)
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Other Treatments

• Stained glass or etched glass windows are highly
  decorative and by themselves need no other
  treatment.
• Decorative wood frames may be used to accent a
  window, particularly antiques.
• Houseplants on window shelves or in nearby
  hanging planters provide partial coverage and a
  refreshing appearance.

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Etched Glass Windows
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Exterior Window Treatments