Human Pesticide Protection

1
Human Pesticide Protection
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Hazard Toxicity Exposure

• Reduce toxicity by using a less toxic pesticide
• Reduce exposure by wearing protective clothing
  according to the pesticide label

3
Restricted-entry interval

• Stated on the pesticide label
• At least 4 hours
• Longer for some pesticides

4
Reentry time

• Used for pesticides applied to fencerows and
  other non-crop areas
• Check the pesticide label
• At least until the spray has dried or the dust
  has settled from the pesticide application

5
Toxicity, the capacity to cause injury or death,
is expressed as an LD50
LD50 - lethal dose for 50 of a test population
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Label signal words indicate toxicity
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Acute exposurehigh-level, one-time exposure
Repeated exposuremany, low-level exposures
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Cholinesterase test detects organophosphate and
carbamate insecticide poisoning

• Organophosphate InsecticidesAztec Diazinon Lanna
  te
• Counter Dimethoate Lorsban
• Cygon Fortress
• Carbamate InsecticidesFuradan Sevin

9
Cholinesterase blood test use
Set base level usually in
winter Check level during the application season
when pesticides are being used heavily
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Possible chronic effects (long term effects) of
pesticide use
Birth defects Cancer other tumors Anemia Reprodu
ctive effects
Studied and reviewed by USEPA before and after
pesticide registration
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Oral exposure swallowing

• Accidentally drinkingpesticide
• Not washing hands before eating
• Most common route that children are poisoned

12
Inhalation exposure breathing

• Mixing and loading in a confined area
• Applying pesticide in a confined area such as a
  grain bin

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Dermal exposurethrough the skin

• Spilling concentrate during mixing and loading
• Wind shift during spraying and getting covered
  with pesticide drift
• Most common way applicators are exposed

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Rates of dermal absorption
Forehead (4.2) Abdomen (2.1) Forearm
(1.0) Scrotal Area (11.8) Ball of Foot (1.6)
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Pesticide poisoning symptoms
Light Poisoning
Severe Poisoning

• Fatigue
• Headache
• Nausea
• Dizziness

• Excessive sweating
• Stomach cramps
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Blurred vision

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Heat exhaustion symptoms

• Sweating or dry skin
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Dry mouth
• Fast pulse (slow if person has fainted)

• Nausea
• Dilated (large) pupils
• Loss of coordination
• Confusion
• Fainting (quick recovery)

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If you suspect poisoning

1. Contact a doctor immediately
2. Tell what pesticides were being used
3. Take labels along if medical care is needed

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First aid for pesticide poisoning
A. Oral - Drink at least one quart of
milk or water B. Inhalation - Get into fresh
air, loosen tight collar C. Dermal - Wash with
soap and water, remove affected clothing D.
Eye - Flush eyeball with running water for at
least 15 minutes
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Poisoning treatment information

• Pesticide label
• MSDS sheet
• Illinois Poison Center 800-222-1222
• CHEMTREC 800-424-9300

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Minimum clothing to wear when applying pesticides

• Long-sleeved shirt
• Long pants
• Hat
• Shoes socks
• Unlined chemical resistant gloves

21
Additional protective equipment needed during
mixing loading

• Unlined Boots
• Apron
• Goggles
• Respirator(if required on the label)

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Filtering facepiece respirator
Protects from dusts and mists, but not vapors
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Cartridge respirator
Protects for short time periods such as during
mixing loading
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Canister respirator
Protects for longer time periods, such as during
grain bin treatments
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Supplied-air respirator
Protects during fumigant application
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Treatment of pesticide-contaminated clothing

• Throw away clothes that contain highly toxic
  pesticides or pesticide concentrates
• Launder clothes that contain dilute pesticides
  soon after use

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Washing contaminated clothing

• Launder as a separate load
• Handle with gloves
• Hot water wash, cold water rinse
• Clean washer by running a complete cycle with
  detergent and hot water without clothing
• Line dry - if practical

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Cleaning gloves, goggles, and other personal
protective equipment (PPE)
Wash PPE after each use with detergent and water
Dry, store separately from pesticides
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Transporting pesticides

• Not inside closed vehicle with people
• Not with food or feed
• Tied down and secured
• If more than 1,000 lbs, with proper shipping
  papers and placards

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Transportation security plan

• As of 9/25/03, agricultural producers who ship or
  transport certain hazardous materials in
  quantities that require placards must develop and
  implement a transportation security plan.
• Plan (template is available) must address
• Personnel security,
• Unauthorized access, and
• Security while in transit.
• NO plan needed for field-to-field transportation
  or if dealer/supplier delivers to your farm.

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Transportation security plan
Material Quantity
Pesticides that bear a DOT poison label (Division 6.1) Anhydrous ammonia (Div. 2.2 with TIH hazard) Ammonium nitrate fertilizer (Div. 5.1) Gasoline (Class 3) Propane (Div. 2.1 material) More than 119 gallons in a single container OR More than 1,000 pounds in multiple containers in a single shipment
Diesel fuel (Class 3) More than 119 gallons in a single container

• Check products MSDS for DOT Hazard
  Classification
• For more information call 800-467-4922 or visit
  http//hazmat.dot.gov/pubtrain/AgSecPlan.pdf

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Avoid back-siphoning when mixing and loading
Maintain an air gap between the end of the hose
and liquid in tank
Include a check valve in the hose
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Protect sensitive areas from pesticides

• Avoid spraying near
• Beehives, water bodies, houses, urban areas,
  sensitive crops
• When spraying
• Not on windy days
• Downwind from sensitive areas
• Early morning when people pets are not present
• Not across or into streams or ponds

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Clean the application equipment AND the applicator
Length of skin exposure can be as important as
amount of exposure
Shower and change clothes during the day when you
are done applying pesticides
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Load, wash, and rinse application equipment in
various field locations or use a wash pad
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Cleaning the empty spray tank

• Clean tank with detergent water, spray some of
  the mixture to clean hoses and nozzles
• Phenoxy herbicides - follow with ammonia and
  water, let sit overnight
• Some adjuvants may require special attention or
  treatment

37
Disposal of excess mixed pesticide and rinsate

• Apply on an area listed on the label
• May be applied to sprayed area as long as the
  total of both applications doesnt exceed label
  rate

38
Storage of pesticides

• Store separately in a locked, labeled, vented
  cabinet, room, or building
• Inform others of pesticide hazards
• Maintain a list of your pesticides. Give a copy
  to the fire department

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Storage area safety equipment

• Absorbent material
• Shovel
• Broom
• Dustpan
• Trash can

• Water supply
• Soap
• Eyewash bottle
• Fire extinguisher

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Store pesticides in their original containers

• If a container is broken, leaking, or torn, put
  the contents into a similar bottle, jug, or bag
• Transfer the old containers label onto the new
  one or get a replacement label from your dealer

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Bulk pesticide storage

• A dike must be present that will contain the
  contents of the largest pesticide container plus
  a 6 rain
• Drains or other outlets from the diked area are
  not allowed

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Disposing of surplus pesticides

• Take advantage of Clean-Sweep programs in your
  area
• Use a special hazardous waste landfill, approved
  incinerator, or other manner approved by the
  USEPA and Illinois EPA

43
Cleaning empty containers

• Triple rinse
• Jet-spray rinseRinse with specialized nozzle
  for 30 seconds
• Gently tap bags and other dry formulation
  containers to dislodge remaining product

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Drain container for 30 seconds into spray tank
Triple Rinsing
Refill container 1/5 to 1/4 full with rinse water
Repeat refill drain steps 2 more times
Rinse thoroughly, pour into spray tank, drain
for 30 seconds
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Disposal of cleaned pesticide containers

• Put in trash for disposal in a certified
  landfill
• Take to plastic pesticide container recycling
  site
• Burning on-site according to rules and regulations