Fiber Access Network

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Fiber Access Network
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• Fiber to the x (FTTx) is a generic term for any
  broadband network architecture that uses optical
  fiber to replace all or part of the usual metal
  local loop used for last mile telecommunications.
  This generic term originates as the
  generalization of several configurations of fiber
  deployment (FTTS, FTTC, FTTB, FTTH,FTTO,etc..),
  all starting by FTT but differentiated by the
  last letter, which is substituted by an x in the
  generalization.

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• The different configurations in which fiber can
  be deployed are not ordinarily important to the
  consumer, but historically the industry
  differentiated between four distinct
  configurations in order of an increasingly longer
  fiber loop, without regard to electrical or other
  infrastructure

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• Fiber to the node / neighborhood (FTTN) / Fiber
  to the cabinet (FTTCab)
• Fiber to the curb (FTTC) / Fibre to the kerb
  (FTTK )Also sometimes called FTTP for "to the
  pole", which usage conflicts with use of the "P"
  to mean "to the premises".
• Fiber to the building (FTTB) which does not imply
  any fiber actually inside a home.
• Fiber to the home (FTTH) which actually means
  "into the home" to internal fiber optic outlets.

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Radio Access Network

• A radio access network (RAN) is part of a mobile
  Telecommunication system. It implements a .
  Conceptually, it sits between the Mobile phone,
  and the core network (CN). The mobile phone is
  varyingly known as user equipment (UE), terminal
  equipment, mobile station (MS), etc., depending
  on the standard

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• Examples of radio access network types are
• GRAN - GSM radio access network
• GERAN - essentially the same as GRAN but
  specifying the inclusion of EDGE packet radio
  services
• UTRAN - UMTS radio access network

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GSM network architecture