Jump Start

1
Jump Start

• List three differences between the North and the
  South. Think of Social, Political Economical
  differences.
• What was the biggest ideological difference
  between the two regions of the US?
• Name two specifics they disagreed about,
  politically and why that disagreement existed.
• How did immigration further separate the two
  regions?

2
The Slavery Debate Divides the Nation

• Sectionalism vs. NationalismAgain

3
Slavery Should It Spread?

• Wilmot Proviso sets the stage
• Slavery forbidden in territories won in Mexican
  War.
• North Position - Against
  South Position - For
• Support building Canals/Roads Slaves property
  Could travel
• vs. farms
• Slaves - Competition for jobs Potential loss
  of other liberty
• Both Feared
• - Upset the balance of votes in Senate

4
California Statehood Debate

• Launches the nation into another round of
  mistrust
• Wilmot Provision still not passed so no slavery
  yet in new territories of New Mexico
  California.
• Californias Constitution prohibits slavery
• Requests admission as a Free State.
• South feels betrayed Missouri Compromise
  should have covered this slavery below 3630

5
Secession Becomes a Reality

• 31st Congress, December 1849
• Several issues divide the members
• - Californias statehood
• - Texas claims eastern New Mexico
• - North Demands abolition in Washington DC
• - South threatens secession more often
• - No enforcement of Fugitive Slave Act

6
Fugitive Slave Act

• Any federal marshal who did not arrest an alleged
  runaway slave could be fined 1,000.
• Runaway slave suspects could be arrested without
  warrant and turned over to a claimant on
  nothing more than his sworn testimony of
  ownership. No right to trial.
• Persons aiding a runaway slave was liable to six
  months' imprisonment and a 1,000 fine.
• Finders Fees to officers who found escaped
  slaves

7
Clays Compromise of 1850

• California is admitted as a free state
• Utah New Mexico decide slavery for themselves
• Concept of Popular Sovereignty emerges
• Texas border with Mexico settled slavery
  limited to current borders of Texas.
• Fugitive Slave Law strengthened
• NOT PASSED IN CONGRESS

8
Compromise Torch is Passed

• Clay dies, frustrated Calhoun dies and Souths
  biggest opponent of compromise is gone.
• Pres. Zachary Taylor Dies and Millard Fillmore
  becomes President supports compromise.
• Senator Stephen Little Giant Douglas Illinois
  5 4tall takes up the Compromise battle in
  Congress.

9
Compromise is Short Lived

• Everyone thinks compromise ends the crisis
• Now the battle is over enforcement of the
  Fugitive Slave Law.
• Underground Railroad is born North resists
  returning the slaves.

10
Homework

• Write a four paragraph (1 page 12 Pt. Times
  New Roman type) essay on why relations between
  the north and south were deteriorating from
  1845-1850. Focus on the following topics and use
  class notes and textbook to find information.
• Expanding the nations borders and admitting
  states to the union.
• Northern vs. Southern views of slavery
• Due Friday 1/6/11.