Arterial Traffic Models

1
Arterial Traffic Models

• Ken Courage
• TTE 6815

2
Models vs TMSPs

• Model An abstract representation of a real
  world object or phenomenon
• A Traffic Model Software Product (TMSP) employs
  one or more models (usually many models) to
  produce useful information
• TMSPs are often called models (incorrectly)

3
Models vs TMSPs

• Models and TMSPs both have the same flow chart
  representation

Rules of Operation
Inputs
Outputs
4
Software Products to be Discussed

• TRANSYT-7F
• PASSER II
• CORSIM (NETSIM)

5
Software Products to be Discussed

• TRANSYT-7F

• Link-node based, Mezoscopic (Flow rates)
• Time-scan, 60 steps per cycle
• Queue accumulation by input/output
• Platoon propagation by exponential smoothing
• Optimization (DI or Pros) by hill climbing

6
T7F Flow Profiles (Link-specific)
7
T7F Link Operations
8
Flow Profile Interpretation

• 4000
  
• 
  
• SSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• 3000 SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• 2000 SSSSSSOOOSSS
  
• SSSSSOOOOOSS
  
• SSSSOOOOOOOS
  
• SSOOOOOOOOOOO
  
• SOOOOOOOOOOOOOI
  
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIII
  
• 1000 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIII
  

9
Flow Profile Interpretation

• 4000
  
• 
  
• SSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• 3000 SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• 2000 SSSSSSOOOSSS
  
• SSSSSOOOOOSS
  
• SSSSOOOOOOOS
  
• SSOOOOOOOOOOO
  
• SOOOOOOOOOOOOOI
  
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIII
  
• 1000 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIII
  

10
External link (nearly saturated)

• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• 3000 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• 2000 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
  
• IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
• 1000IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
• IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
• IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
• IIIIIIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

11
External link (undersaturated)

• SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSS
  
• 3000 SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSS
  
• 2000 SSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• 1000 SSSSSSSSSSS
  
• IIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIII
  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
• IIIIIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIIII
  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

12
Platoon arrives on green after queue has cleared

• SSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSS
  
• 3000 SSSSSSSS OO
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOO
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOI
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOII
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOIII
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOIIII
  
• 2000 SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOIIIII
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIII
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIII
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIII
  
• SSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIII
  
• SSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIII
  
• 1000 SSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIII
  
• SSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIII
  
• I SSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIII
  II
• IIOSSSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIII
  III III
• IIOOOSSSSSS OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIIIIIIIIIIII
  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

13
Platoon arrives at beginning of red

• 
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• 
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• 
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• 
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• 3000
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• 
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• 
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• II
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIII
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIIIIII
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• 2000 IIIIIIIIIIII
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• 1000 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOSSSS
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOS
  SSSSSSSSSSSSSS
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOOOOO
  OOOSSSOOOOOSSS

Queue Departure
14
TRANSYTF Optimization
Evaluation Procedures
Optimization Search
15
TRANSYTF Optimization
Evaluation Procedures
Optimization Search
16
Disutility Index

• Stops
• Delay
• Fuel Consumption
• Operating Cost

17
PROs Optimization

• A progression opportunity (PRO) is the ability to
  see ahead one signal in the time space diagram
• The number of PROs is defined at every
  intersection on each step of the cycle
• The PROs index is the accumulated PROs / the
  number that would be available if all signals
  were always green

18
Bandwidth Efficiency
(60 sec cycle)
10 sec
10 /60 0.167
19
PROs Example
(60 sec cycle)
1
1
1
2
2
3
20
Maximum PROs 60 (321) 360

• sec with 3 Pros 2 Pros 1 Pro
• At 1 10 10 5
• At 2 20 5
• At 3 25
• Total 30 60 35
• PROS index (306035)/360 0.347
• BW efficiency 10/60 0.167

21
Platoon Propagation
22
Platoon Propagation Stop line

• SSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSS
  
• 3000 SSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSS
  
• 2000 SSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSS
  
• SSSSSSSS
  
• IIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
• 1000IIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
• IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
• IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

23
Platoon Propagation 1000 ft

• 3000
  
• O
  
• OO
  
• OOO
  
• OOOO
  
• OOOOO
  
• 2250 OOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOOOOOOO
  
• 1500 OOOOOOOOOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• 750 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

24
Platoon Propagation 2000 ft

• 3000
  
• 
  
• 
  
• 
  
• 
  
• 
  
• 2250
  
• OOO
  
• OOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOO
  
• OOOOOOOOOO
  
• 
  OOOOOOOOOOOO
• 1500
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• 
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• 
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• 750OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

25
Platoon Propagation 3000 ft

• 2000
  
• 
  
• 
  O
• 
  OOOOOOO
• 
  OOOOOOOOO
• O
  OOOOOOOOOOO
• 1500OOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• 1000OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
• 500OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
  OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

26
T7F Link Numbers for Node N
27
TRANSYT Timing Plan

• ------------------------------------------------
• Intersection 1 Pretimed - Splits Optimized
• ------------------------------------------------
• Interval Number 1 2 3 4 5
  6 7 8 9 10 11 12
• Intvl Length(sec) 7.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 22.0
  5.0 7.0 5.0 2.0 5.0 18.0 5.0
• Intvl Length () 8 6 4 6 22
  6 8 6 2 6 20 6
• Pin Settings () 100/0 8 14 18 24
  46 52 60 66 68 74 94
• Phase Start (No.) 1 2 3
  4 5 6
• Interval Type V Y V Y V
  Y V Y V Y V Y
• Splits (sec) 12 9 27
  12 7 23
• Splits () 14 10 28
  14 8 26
• Links Moving 110 110 111
  102 110 109
• 106 105 105
  104 103 101

28
Software Products to be Discussed

• TRANSYT-7F
• PASSER II
• CORSIM (NETSIM)

29
Software Products to be Discussed

• PASSER II

• Bandwidth optimization
• Phasing optimization
• Speed Search (/- 2 mph)

30
PASSER II Movement Numbers
31
PASSER Timing Plan

• INT. 1 .0 SEC OFFSET ART ST PHASE
  SEQ IS LT 5 LEADS (25)
• West .0 OFFSET CROSS ST
  PHASE SEQ IS DUAL LEFTS (37)
• ARTERIAL STREET
  CROSS STREET
• CONCURRENT PHASES 25 26 16 TOTAL
  37 38 48 TOTAL
• PHASE TIME (SECS) 22.0 17.0 12.0 51.0
  12.0 3.0 24.0 39.0

32
Software Products to be Discussed

• TRANSYT-7F
• PASSER II
• CORSIM (NETSIM)

33
Software Products to be Discussed

• CORSIM (NETSIM)

• Microscopic simulation
• 1 second time scan
• Pretimed control
• Explicit actuated control emulation
• Hardware in the loop feature
• Platoon dispersion by speed differential

34
CORSIM Node Numbers (AAP)
35
Platoon Propagation Comparison
Upstream
Downstream