PBL Case Scenario Writing for 2nd Class students

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PBL Case Scenario Writing for 2nd Class students

• Prepared by
• Dr. Aminullah Hamkar
• Chief Department Pathology
• Kabul Medical University

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Background

• PBL program was started in 2006 as a pilot
  program in the KMU
• In all semesters only three case scenarios were
  developed
• The scenarios objectives were not identified
• All three case scenarios covered narrow areas or
  only single subject

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Background (Cont.)

• Weak integration of contents in scenarios for all
  preclinical subjects
• 1 hour x 2 days for each scenario

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Goal

• Improvement of teaching methods in KMU
• Student Motivation
• Improvement of education level

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Objectives

• Standardization of Scenarios for 2nd year Medical
  students
• Setting Objectives of the Scenarios
• Timeline for each Scenario
• Integrated Scenario (Contains all related
  Preclinical Subjects)
• Preparation of Tutor guide for each Scenario

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Standardized Scenario consist

• Set learning objectives first
• Have key words
• Describe clinical situation
• Stimulate discussion among students
• Motivate students toward learning

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Strengths

• Motivation of our team members for implementation
  of PBL
• Strong team
• Support from KMU Leadership

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Weaknesses

• Insufficient experiences in Scenario writing
• Lack of supportive materials (Guidelines,
  Textbooks.)
• Discipline Based Curriculum

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Methodology

• Identifying topics for each scenario based on
  curriculum
• Based on the objectives preparation of 14
  scenarios
• 14 tutor guide for each scenario
• Preparation of questions for biweekly PBL Class
  exam.

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Sample Case Scenario

• A 62 year old woman presented with Stridor, due
  to a neck mass, which was clinically suspicious
  of Multinodular goiter. The patient was placed on
  Euthyroid however the gland continuously
  enlarged, over the course of three weeks as
  evidenced by increased Stridor and Dysphagia. She
  lost a 15 Kg weight loss in the last six months.
  Additional symptoms included Chronic Fatigue, and
  occasional Chills. She was a smoker.
• Thyroid Studies are as follows
• Total Thyroxin 19 ng/dl (Normal Range 4.5-10.9
  ng/dl)
• TSH 0.004 IU/dl (Normal Range 0.4-6)
• Due to compression of trachea, Total
  Thyroidectomy was done. The gland measured,
  14x12x8cm and weighed 450 grams

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Sample Case Scenario (Cont.)

• Key Words
• Stridor
• Dysphagia
• Chronic Fatigue
• Chills
• Euthyroid
• Multinodular goiter

• Objectives of the Scenario
• At the end of analysis of this scenario, the
  students will be able to explain the following
  topics
• Thyroid gland Anatomy
• Thyroid gland Histology
• Physiology of thyroid hormones

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• Thank You
• Arigatu Guzaimasu