Women Make Progress 8.2

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WomenMake Progress8.2

• Colleges
• Leaders in social reform
• Had little rights

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The Seneca Falls Declaration (1848)

• The Seneca Falls Declaration of 1848 outlined the
  women's rights movement of the mid-19th century.
• As can be seen in the opening passages, the
  document was modeled after the Declaration of
  Independence.
• We hold these truths to be self-evident that
  all men and women are created equal that they
  are endowed by their Creator with certain
  inalienable rights that among these are life,
  liberty, and the pursuit of happiness that to
  secure these rights governments are instituted,
  deriving their just powers from the consent of
  the governed.

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Reforming The Workplace

• Florence Kelley
• Minimum Wage-
• Courts and Labor Laws
• Lochner v. NY
• 2. Muller v. Oregon
• 3. Bunting v. Oregon

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The Temperance Crusade
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18th Amendment
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Margaret Sanger

• In 1921, she founded the American Birth Control
  League (ABCL)
• Today known as Planned Parenthood
• In 1923, she established the Clinical Research
  Bureau.
• The first legal birth control clinic in the U.S.
• Women were then able to control their own bodies.
• This movement educated women about existing
  birth control methods.
• A 1936, a Supreme Court decision declassified
  birth control information as obscene.

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Womens Suffrage
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Susan B. Anthony In Favor of Women's Suffrage
(1872)

• In this speech, given following her arrest for
  attempting to vote in the 1872 election, Anthony
  argues that respect for America's fundamental
  principles requires that women be allowed to
  vote.
• In thus voting, I not only committed no crime,
  but, instead, simply exercised my citizen's
  right, guaranteed to me and all United States
  citizens by the National Constitution, beyond the
  power of any State to deny.
• It was we, the people, not we, the white male
  citizens, nor yet we, the male citizens but we,
  the whole people, who formed this Union. And we
  formed it, not to give the blessings or liberty,
  but to secure them not to the half of ourselves
  and the half of our posterity, but to the whole
  people-women as well as men.

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Susan B. Anthony
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Two Organizations are formed

• National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA)
• Founded by Anthony and Stanton
• The more radical woman's suffrage group.
• Accepted only women and opposed the Fifteenth
  Amendment since it only enfranchised
  African-American men.
• American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA)
• More moderate in its views than the NWSA.
• Allowed men to join and rallied behind the
  Fifteenth Amendment as a step in the right
  direction toward greater civil rights for women.
• Leaders of the AWSA included Julia Ward Howe and
  Lucy Stone.

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Women Gain the Vote

• NAWSA
• What approach to suffrage?
• How did the goals of the NWP differ from the
  NAWSA?
• How did Carrie Chapman Catt change the NAWSA?
• What was the result of the movement?

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When the two groups reunited in 1890, the new
National American Woman Suffrage Association
(NAWSA) followed the direction set by Anthony and
Stanton.
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Why the West?

• Special frontier conditions?the Turner thesis.
• Womens vote would offset votes of black men?
• Womens vote would attract women settlers to the
  West?
• Women played an important role in the lives of
  westerners?

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Womens Suffrage Map
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Alice Paul and Lucy Burns gave a new direction to
the womens rights movement. In 1913, Paul and
Burns organized the National Womans Party (NWP),
adopted the radical tactics of the British
suffragettes, and campaigned for the first Equal
Rights Amendment.
Alice Paul (1885-1977), women's suffrage leader
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Jan. 10, 1917 The NWP began to picket the White
House.
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Passage of the 19th Amendment

• Passed in 1919
• The right of citizens of the United States to
  vote shall not be denied or abridged by the
  United States or by any state on account of sex.

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Chronology of Womens Suffrage

• 1869 Wyoming Territory grants suffrage to women.
• 1870 Utah Territory grants suffrage to women.
• 1880 New York state grants school suffrage to
  women.
• 1890 Wyoming joins the union as the first state
  with voting rights for women. By 1900 women also
  have full suffrage in Utah, Colorado and Idaho.
  New Zealand is the first nation to give women
  suffrage.
• 1902 Women of Australia are enfranchised.
• 1906 Women of Finland are enfranchised.
• 1912 Suffrage referendums are passed in Arizona,
  Kansas, and Oregon.
• 1914 Montana and Nevada grant voting rights to
  women.
• 1915 Women of Denmark are enfranchised.
• 1917 Women win the right to vote in North Dakota,
  Ohio, Indiana, Rhode Island, Nebraska, Michigan,
  New York, and Arkansas.
• 1918 Women of Austria, Canada, Czechoslovakia,
  Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Poland, Scotland, and
  Wales are enfranchised.
• 1919 Women of Azerbaijan Republic, Belgium,
  British East Africa, Holland, Iceland,
  Luxembourg, Rhodesia, and Sweden are enfranchised.

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Womens Suffrage