Ch. 6 Sec. 1 Ch. 7 Sec. 1

1
Ch. 6 Sec. 1Ch. 7 Sec. 1

• The New South

2
Industries and Cities Grow

• New South- Not just agriculture, but mills and
  factories too
• 1880s- Investment in coal, iron, and steel
  processing
• Created urban centers
• Farming became diversified
• Grain, tobacco, fruit, cotton

3
Railroads Link Cities and Towns

• Industrialization needs transportation
• Rail lines linked urban and rural areas
• Only 2 lines linked south and north
• South asked federal gov for economic help to
  build RR
• Used prison labor to keep RR building costs down

4
Southern Economic Recovery is Limited

• Southern economy lagged behind
• South didnt have enough labor and capital
  investment for industry
• Education was limited
• Weak banks
• Low wages

5
Cotton Dominates Agriculture

• Cotton production rose after the war
• Prices had fallen
• Farmers Alliance
• Lowered supply prices
• Linked southern and western farmers
• Worked to lower freight prices

6
Black Southerners Gain and Lose

• Blacks joined the Farmers Alliance
• Opened up political possibilities
• Schools opened
• Teachers colleges opened

7
White Backlash Begins

• KKK used violence
• Churches became segregated
• Civil Rights Act of 1875
• Guaranteed blacks the right to ride trains and
  use public facilities
• Later decided that it was the states right to
  decided who could use public accommodations

8
African Americans Lose Freedoms

• Jim Crow Laws- kept whites and blacks apart
• South issued poll tax- voters required to pay a
  tax to vote
• African Americans couldnt afford the tax
• Literacy Tests- voters must pass to vote
• Grandfather Clause- could vote if ancestor voted
  prior to 1866

9
African Americans Lose Freedoms

• De jure segregation- segregation imposed by law
• De facto segregation- segregation by unwritten
  custom of tradition
• Plessy v. Ferguson
• Supreme court upheld the constitutionality of
  separate but equal

10
Booker T. Washington

• Black leader
• Said blacks should build up their economic
  resources and establish good reputations
• Taught at Tuskegee Institute
• Vocational education

11
W.E.B. Du Bois

• Criticized Washingtons willingness to
  accommodate southern whites
• Felt blacks should demand full and immediate
  equality
• Shouldnt limit themselves to vocational education

12
Ida B. Wells

• Fought for the rights of African Americans
• Had a newspaper, Free Speech
• Condemned the mistreatment of blacks
• Was exiled and spent her life speaking out
  against lynching