Day 3

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Inferences Observations

• Day 3

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Inference/ObservationInput

• Observation

• Inference

• Using your five senses to take note of and
  observe your surroundings

• Logical interpretation based upon prior knowledge
  and experience
• Based upon observations

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Lets practice making inferences!Output

• The next three slides show some fossil imprints
  that were found during a archeological dig. Were
  going to record some observations and then make
  some inferences about what may have happened
  millions of years ago.

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Make 3 observations about the picture
Make 1 inference about what may be happening in
this picture
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Make 2 more observations Make 1 more inference
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This time make only observations
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What do you think happened?

• Please write a short story describing what you
  think happened to the creatures in our fossil
  evidence

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Types of ObservationsInput

• Quantitative Observation- Observation using
  numbers
• Qualitative Observation-Observation without
  numbers
• Lets Practice- You will be shown a picture on the
  following slide. Please write 2 quantitative
  observation and 2 qualitative observations.

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Output
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Homework

• Please work independently to complete the
  practice problem. If you need help, please raise
  you hand. ?

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Inquiry foldableDay 4

• Your will need to follow directions and fill in
  the following information in your foldable. Each
  slide is a new flap in your foldable. The titles
  of the slide should be the part that is hanging
  out of each flap. Please raise your hand if you
  have a question.

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Testable Question

• A specific question where one variable is
  changed. Results can be observed and measure.
• Measureable
• One variable
• Specific
• Does (independent Variable) affect (dependent
  variable)?
• Examples-
• Does exercising affect your heart rate?

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Hypothesis

• an educated guess
• can be written -If..., then..., because...
  statement
• Prediction
• Example
• If an individual increases his/her activity
  level, then their heart rate will increase
  because the bodys muscles (cells) will require
  more oxygen to function at a higher level. A
  faster beating heart will increase blood flow
  thus, allowing an increased concentration of
  oxygen to reach the cells in need.

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Variables

• Independent
• variable that is changed
• if -in the hypothesis
• cause in a cause and effect relationship
• Example
• The activity level (resting, walking, running)

• Dependent
• Results/Measurement
• factor you measure to gather results
• then in the hypothesis
• effect in a cause and effect relationship
• Example
• The persons heart rate

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Identify the Variables
independent variable

1. If a student chooses to not study, then they will
   earn a poor grade.
2. If you drink Gatorade before a soccer game, then
   you will score more goals.
3. If you increase the mechanical advantage of a
   pulley system used to move an object, then the
   input force becomes less.

dependent variable
independent variable
dependent variable
independent variable
dependent variable
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Control or Control Group

• The most normal situation
• something that is not manipulated
• a neutral point of reference for comparison
  baseline for comparison
• Example
• The resting heart rate represented the baseline
  heart rate to which any increase in activity
  level was compared to.

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Constants

• Factors in an experiment (both in the
  experimental and control groups) that are kept
  the same and not allowed to change
• Examples
• One minute was consistently the amount of time
  allotted to perform the necessary activity
• The type of activity performed
• The stopwatch used during data collection
• The method used to measure the heart rate

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Lets Practice The Experiment

• A shopping mall wanted to determine whether the
  more expensive Tough Stuff floor wax was better
  than the cheaper Steel Seal floor wax at
  protecting its floor tiles against scratches. One
  liter of each type of floor wax was applied to
  each of the 5 test sections of the main hall of
  the mall. The test sections were all the same
  size and were covered with the same kind of
  tiles. Five (5) other test sections received no
  wax. After 3 weeks, the number of scratches in
  each of the test sections were counted.

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Component Example from The experiment
Hypothesis
Type of Data (Quantitative/Qualitative)
Number of trials
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Control Group
constant
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Homework

• Complete the practice scenarios-you may complete
  the front side with a partner. Please complete
  the back independently. If you need help, raise
  you hand