Cadmium

1
Cadmium
2
Regulated areas

• Regulated areas are created where employees are
  exposed to concentrations above the PEL
• Respirators are provided for employees who must
  access regulated areas

1a
3
Regulated areas

• You must wear respirators when required to do so
• What job titles/functions are allowed access to
  restricted areas
• Tour of regulated areas

1b
4
Requirements

• Substance safety data sheet (Appendix A)
• Substance technical guidelines for cadmium
  (Appendix B)

2a
5
Requirements

• Employers are required to control exposures to
  cadmium
• Airborne concentrations must not exceed the
  action level or PEL

2b
6
Monitoring

• Methods of detecting the presence or release of
  cadmium
• Monitoring must be made available for employees
  to observe

3a
7
Monitoring

• If monitoring shows exposure at or above the
  action level, monitoring must be done
• at least every six months
• when there are changes to personnel, processes,
  or controls
• Lunchrooms are monitored and kept below the
  action level

3b
8
Monitoring

• Employees have a right to be notified in writing
  of monitoring results within 15 working days
• Written notification must include corrective
  actions

3c
9
Physical hazards

• Flammable and explosive in powder form
• Spontaneous combustion of dust

4b
10
Physical hazards

• Sensitive to reaction with
• oxidizers
• metals
• hydrogen nitrite
• zinc
• selenium
• sulfur dioxide
• tellerium

4c
11
Physical hazards

• Fire hazard when exposed to these
  chemical/substances
• oxidizers
• metals
• hydrogen nitrite
• zinc
• selenium
• sulfur dioxide
• tellerium

4d
12
Physical hazards

• Fight fire with
• dry sand
• dry dolomite
• dry graphite
• sodium chloride
• Do not use water, foam, carbon dioxide or Halons

4e
13
Acute health hazards

• Skin irritation
• Eye irritation
• Inhalation

4f
14
Acute health hazards

• Ingestion
• Observable effects

4g
15
Chronic health hazards

• Carcinogen
• Kidney damage
• Respiratory damage

4h
16
Chronic health hazards

• Reproductive health changes
• Mutagenic
• Tumorigenic

4i
17
Work practices

• Engineering controls and work practices are
  primary methods of control
• Do not shake, blow, or use any other means to
  clean clothing, that would cause cadmium to
  become airborne

5a
18
Work practices

• Rotation of work duties is not a valid method of
  compliance
• Keep work surfaces free of cadmium
• Clean up spills

5b
19
Work practices

• Use HEPA-filtered vacuuming methods
• Compressed air for cleaning should be used only
  with proper ventilation

5c
20
Work practices

• Be aware of washing facilities
• Respirators must be used where required

5d
21
Emergency procedures

• Written emergency action plan
• First aid measures
• Eyes
• Skin
• Inhalation
• Ingestion

6a
22
Emergency procedures

• Emergency evacuation

6b
23
Emergency procedures

• Cadmium metal dust is a fire hazard and reacts
  with
• oxidizers
• acids
• ammonia
• selenium
• sulpher dioxide

6c
24
Personal protective equipment

• Required for employees exposed above the PEL or
  where skin or eye irritation is associated with
  exposure
• Coveralls
• Gloves, head coverings, and boots
• Face shields, vented goggles

7a
25
Personal protective equipment

• Selection, use, limitations, inspection
• Cleaning and disposal
• Changing rooms and storage

7b
26
Personal protective equipment

• Repair/replace defective equipment
• Decontamination
• Any employee whose clothing is contaminated must
  immediately remove clothing and shower

7c
27
Personal protective equipment

• Washing contaminated clothing
• Splashproof eye or dust-resistant goggles

7d
28
Limitations of respirators

• Respirators are a critical element of the
  training program
• Employees have a duty to wear respirators
• Proper selection, donning, doffing, use,
  limitations, decontamination and storage

8a
29
Medical surveillance

• Required for all employees who are, or may be
  exposed at or above the action level
• Medical examinations are thorough

9a
30
Medical surveillance

• Employees may be medically removed from duty if
  testing/monitoring detects ongoing problems

9b
31
Medical surveillance

• Copies of physicians written opinions
• Records are retained for the duration of
  employment plus 30 years

9c
32
Medical surveillance

• Examinations will be conducted
• within 30 days of assignment
• at least annually
• whenever an employee is exposed above the action
  level
• following an exposure
• whenever an employee shows signs/symptoms of
  exposure

9d
33
Medical surveillance

• Examinations will be conducted
• for a year after an employee stops working with
  cadmium
• at termination of employment
• Examinations may be scheduled if biological
  monitoring detect high levels of cadmium

9e
34
Labeling system

• Post and maintain signs around regulated areas
• Report faded or missing signs

10a
35
Labeling system

• Labels are required on all containers similar to
  the following

10b
36
Copies of the standard

• Copies of the standard are available to employees

11a