Viruses Manov

1
Viruses Manová
Katerina
Trachtová Štepánka

• Virus is the biggest danger
• for life on the earth
• Joshua Lederberg
• Virus is bad news
• pack up into the protein
• Sir Peter Medawar

2
What are viruses?

• Viruses are parasitic entities, consisting of
  nucleic acid molecules with protective coats,
  that are replicated by the enzymatic machinery of
  suitable host cells.
• They are the least particle
• of live substence

3
Start of virologie

• - at the end of the 19 century was discovered
  the first virus Tobacco mosaic virus by Dmitrij
  Iwanowsky in 1892
• Tobacco virus was isolated by Wendell Stanley in
  1935
• Loeffler and Frosch confirmed viral origin of
  foot and mouth disease

4
Basic attribute of viruses

• - the size of virus is 30 - 400 nm
• - by the nucleic acid we distinguihs DNA and RNA
  viruses

• - beyond host cells viruses arent reproduced
• virouses arent own metabolic apparatur
• consits of a nucleic acid molecule endcased by a
  protein capsid

5
Phase of infection

• virus gets on the host cell
• the virus DNA or RNA penetrates into the cell
• RNA is copied into DNA of cells
• the cell being produce new virouses
• after take it out of cell is her wall dissolved
• new viruses are released and attacked
  neighbouring cells

6
Virus of plants Tobacca mosaic virus

• Viruses can infect plants, bacteria and
  animals.Each viral species has a very limited
  host range that is, it can reproduce in only a
  small group of closely relate species.

• It was the first virus to be discovered and
  isolated.
• Tabaco mosaic virus causes left mottling and
  discoloration in tobacco and many other plants.
• T.M.V is a helical virus with spiral helix RNA
  (a).

7
Human and animals viruses

• Infectious diseases are produced from different
  of mikroorganismus. In the first place viruses
  and bacteria.
• We distinguish by scale of infection
• - local infection
• - epidemic
• - pandemic

8
Virus diseases

• RNA virus
• cold
• influenza
• encephalites
• rubella German measles
• measles
• mumps
• hepatitida A, B, C, D, E
• AIDS
• SARS
• rabies
• foot and mouth disease
• ebola

• DNA virus
• herpes cold sore
• chicken pox
• smallpox
• polyomyelites infantile paralysis

9
Influenza virus

• It is annual epidemics, one of which was
  recorded by Hippocrates in 412 B.C., are
  occasionally.
• Danger of flu is often disapraged. Influenza
  virus is animal virus too and is transmited on
  person.

• Expresses
• pain headache, joint
• high temperature
• Way of disseminate
• air droplet
• Incubation period
• 24 72 hours

10
Influenza virus

• In this century was relived ever 4 variant of
  influenza viruses. They all cause of pandemie.
• 1918 1920 Spanish flu
• 30 milion lives were lost
• 1957 Asian flu
• 1968 Virus Hong- Kong
• 1977 virus of Russian flu

• Only one witness
• to Spanish flu 1918 blocks with tissue slides
  and death notice

11
AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

• Expresses individual
• Way of disseminate
• all bodies liquids
• sexual intercourse
• Incubation period
• individual some years
• Year of identification 1983
• Agent HIV virus Human immunodeficiency virus

12
AIDS

• AIDS is the mortal illness with a long
  incubation period. Virus HIV attack T4 lymphocyt
  cells make up antibodies.
• In the world are infected 40 milion people
  today. In the Czech republic are infected 500
  600 persons every year.

• T4 lymphocyt infect of HIV virus
• ( blue formations)

13
Ebolla - haemophilia temperature

• Expresses
• pain headache
• diarrhoea, vomiting
• internal bleeding
• Way of disseminate
• all bodies liquids
• Year of identification 1976
• Incubation period death up to 3 days
• Agent filovirus Ebola

• At first Ebola was desoribed in Kongo (Zair)
  and was named after local river.

14
SARS acute syndrom of respiratory tract

• the first global epidemic of 21.st century
• Expresses heavy inflammation of
  lungs
• Way of disseminate
• air droplet infection
• Year of identification
  2002 - 2003
• Incubation period some hours
• Agent coronaviridae SARS

15
SARS

• - SARS comes from east Asia
• - the most often occurrence
• Hong Kong, Singapur, China, Canada
• - SARS is bird flu
• - cause of illness is coronaviridae which is
  transmited from bird to person
• - on the surface has protein SARS S
• - this protein produce antibodies
• - danger is high variability

16

• herpes, cold sore - opar
• chicken pox, smallpox - plané neštovice
• polyomyelites, infantile paralysis - detská
  obrna
• cold - rýma
• influenza, flu - chripka
• rubella, German measles - zardenky
• measles - spalnicky
• mumps - príušnice
• rabies - vzteklina
• expresses - projevy
• haemophilia - krvácivost
• inflammation of lungs - zánet plic

17

• diarrhoea - strevní potíže
• vomiting - zvracení
• internal bleeding - vnitrní krvácení
• Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
• získané selhání imunity
• Human immunodeficiency virus
• Biochemistry Donald Voet
• http//mujweb.cz/veda/biologie/virologie.
  html
• http//micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/virus.h
  tml