1. Measurement Systems:

1
Lecture 03 Data Representation (I)
(Coverage Diagram)
Topics
1. Measurement Systems Location
Coordinate Systems
Readings on the topics
Chapter 5 in the text
Other readings
Chapter 4 in Bonham-Carters (1994), pp.
87-95 Chapter 1 2 in Malings (1992), pp. 1-46
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Lecture 03 Data Representation (I)
1. Measurement Systems
1.1 Spatial Location Coordinate Systems
A. 3D Coordinate Systems Geographical
Coordinate System Geographic
Coordinate System Figure B. 2D Coordinate
Systems (Plane Coordinate Systems)
The Plane Coordinate System
Figure B.1 Continuous Coordinate
Systems B.1.1 Cartesian coordinate
systems (local coordinate
systems) The Cartesian Coordinate
System Figure
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B.1.2 Projected geographic coordinate
systems Projected geographic
coordinate system Figure B.1.2.1
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Grid System
a) The Transverse Mercator Projection
Mercator Projection Figure
Transverse Mercator Projection Figure
b) UTM (1) The design
UTM Zone Figure
(2) Calculation of UTM Zone of Locations
ZUTM (180-longitude)/6
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(3) Defining the coordinate
systems UTM Coordinate
System Figure (4)
Characteristics Distortion
(84 North 80 South) Plane
surface Universal
B.1.2.2 Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS) Grid
System a) Polar Stereographic
Projection Stereographic
Projection Idea Figure
Stereographic Projection Map Figure
b) UPS (1) Design
UPS Coordinate Systems Figure
(2) Characteristics
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B.2 Discrete Coordinate Systems B.2.1 US
Public Land Survey System (PLSS)
The PLSS Figure Characteristics
(1) a series of origins were
defined. (2) basic unit is acre or
an area unit A section is
640 acres (3) defined on ground,
not a grid and superimposed
on a map B.2.2 Addresses B.2.3
Zip codes
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Questions
1. What is a geographic coordinate system? What
is the main difference between geographic
coordinate system and project geographic
coordinate system? 2. What is a plane coordinate
system? What is the major difference between
a plane coordinate system and a Cartesian
coordinate system? 3. What is the major
difference between a local Cartesian
coordinate system and a projected geographic
coordinate system? 4. Describe the design of
the UTM coordinate system. Compute the UTM
for Madison. 5. What is a discrete coordinate
system?