RISC-??????????? (Reduced Instruction Set Computer)

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RISC-???????????(Reduced Instruction Set
Computer)
2
???????? ????? CISC-??????????

• ? ?????? ??????????? CISC (Complex
  Instruction Set Computer) ????? ???????????
  ????????????? ?????? ? ????????????? ????????
  ????????????? ???????????????? (??
  ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????).
• ?????? ??????? CISC-?????????? ???????? ?
  ???? ????????? ????????. ???
  ????????? ?????????? ??????????,
  ??????????? ??? ?????????? ??????????
  ?????????, ? ????????????? ???
  ???????????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????
  ??????. ??? CISC-??????????? ??????????
  ????????? ?????.

3

• ??????? ????? ???????? ??????, ????????? ??
  ??????? ???????????? ?????????
  ?????????? ?????????? ??? ? ??????????? ?? ?????
  ??????.
• ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??????,
  ??????? ?????????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?
  ??????? ????????.
• ?????? ?????? ???????? ? ??? ???????? ????????
  ? ????? ??????????.
• ??????? ?????????? ?????, ????? ????? ???????? ?
  ??????????? ?? ??????? ?????????.
• ??????? ?????? ???? ?-?, ?-?, ?-?.
• ????????? ?????????? (8-12) ???. ???
  ????????? ??????? ??????, ???????????
  ??????????????? ? ??????? ? ??????????????
  ????? ?? ??????????, ??????????????? ???
  ?????, ???????? ?? ????????????? ?
  ?????????? ?????? ? ???????? ???????????.
• ???????????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????.

4
???????? ? ?????????? CISC-??????????

• ?????????? ?????? ?????? ? ?????????? ??????????
  ? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????????.
• ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????
  ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????.
• ???????????????? ??????.
• ?????? ?????????????????? ??????? ????????????
  ???????????? ?????. ? ??????? ?????????
  ???????????? ????? 20 ???????? ???????????????
  ??????.
• ????????????? RISC-??????????
• ?????? ? ????????????.
• ????????????? ??????. ??? ???????? ????????
  ???????? ? ??? ??????? ?????????, ???????????
  ??? ???, ??????????? ?????????? ?? ???????
  ???????? ????????, ??????????? ? ??????????? ??.

5
???? RISC-???????????

• ???????? ???? RISC-??????????? ???????? ?
  ???, ??? ?????????????????? ??????? ??????,
  ????? ??? ?? ?????????, ??? ?
  ?????????????????? ????????? ??????, ?????
  ??????????? ?? ????? ???????
  ?????????? ??????????? ??????????.
• CISC-?????????? ??????????????? ???
• ????? asm-?????????????, RISC-????????-??
  ??????????????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ???,
  ???????????? ????????????.

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?????????? RISC-??????????

• ?????????? ????????? ??????? ????????, ???
  ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??
• ????????? ?????? ??????,
• ??????????? ?????????? ??????-?????
  ????????? ????? ??????????? ????????????
  ???????????? ??? ????????
• -- ????????? ????????? ?????? ??
  ??????? ?????? (???????????????? ?????????)
  (??? ?????????? Load/Store),
• -- ????????????? ??????????? ????.

7
??????. ????????? ???? ?????.
8
??? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????

• The CISC Approach

• The RISC Approach

MULT 23, 52
LOAD A, 23LOAD B, 52PROD A, BSTORE 23, A
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??? ??????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????

• ??????????? ??????.
• ?????????? ??????.

10
?????????? ??????
11
(No Transcript)
12
??????????? ??????
13
??????????? ??????
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?????????????? RISC-??????????

• ????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????
  ?????????? ???? ???????? ????.
• ??????? ??????? (?????????? ??????????).
• ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???, ???
  ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ????
  ?????????? ?????????????.
• ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ? ??????? 128
  ???????? ????? ???????????? ??????.
• ????????? ????? ???????? ????????? (4).
• ???????? ????????????? ? ?????????. ???? ??????
  ????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??????????
  ????????, ?????? ????? ???????????? ????????.
• ?????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ?????
  ???????? ?? ???? ????????? ? ???????? ????????? ?
  ?????? ???????.
• ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????
  ?????? ? ??????.
• ??? ????????, ????? ?????? ? ??????, ????? ???
  ?-?.
• ?????????? ?????????? ? ??????? ???????.
• ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????????.

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????????? ??????????

• CISC
• - Emphasis on hardware
• - Includes multi-clock
• complex instructions
• Memory-to-memory
• "LOAD" and "STORE"incorporated in
  instructions
• Small code sizes,high cycles per second
• Transistors used for storing complex instructions

• RISC
• Emphasis on software
• Single-clockreduced instruction only
• Register to register"LOAD" and "STORE"are
  independent instructions
• Low cycles per second,large code sizes
• Spends more transistorson memory registers