Smoking and ATHLETES

1
Smoking and ATHLETES
It doesnt matter what you smoke it greatly
effects your physical performance capacities
2
Effects of smoking on performance
NICOTINE
In low concentrations (an average cigarette
yields only about 1 mg of absorbed nicotine), the
substance acts as an incredibly strong stimulant
and is one of the main factors responsible for
the dependence-forming properties of tobacco
smoking. It is clearly one of the most addictive
substances you could take into your body.
"Nicotine addiction has historically been one of
the hardest addictions to break." The
pharmacological and behavioral characteristics
that determine tobacco addiction are similar to
those that determine addiction to drugs such as
heroin and cocaine. Very easy to get hooked very
hard to stop
3
Known Effects on Health

• The number one most preventable cause of death in
  our society is smoking.
• Nicotine is more addictive than heroin and
  cocaine.
• There are over 4700 chemicals in every cigarette.
• Over 40 of these 4700 chemicals are carcinogenic
  (cancer causing).
• One drop of pure nicotine in the body is fatal.
• Cigarettes are highly addictive both mentally and
  physically.
• More than 3,000 of our youth become smokers each
  day.
• One third of these new smokers will die from a
  tobacco related disease prematurely.
• It takes 7 seconds for nicotine to reach the
  brain after inhaling.
• Smoking kills more Americans each year than
  alcohol, cocaine, crack, heroin, homicide,
  suicide, car accidents, fires, and AIDS combined.

4
The effect of smoking anything can have an
immediate and drastic impact on critical
physiological systems used in high level sport
performance.
ANYTHING YOU SMOKE
5
Oxygen IN
The human lung contains about 150 million
alveoli. Each alveolus is wrapped in a fine mesh
of capillaries covering about 70 of its area.
The Aveoli in your lungs are the oxygen
absorption sites in your body. If you smoke, you
coat and cover the outer layers of the aveoli
with tar and residue which prevents oxygen from
being absorbed into your body. Less oxygen in to
the working muscles less muscle function
6
Hands before smoking
Hands after smoking
COLDER
WARMER
Vascular (Circulatory) changes due smoking,
peripheral
Vascular (Circulatory) before smoking,
peripheral
Note that after smoking there is a significant
decrease in circulation(blood flow to the hands
(extremities). Note also decrease in skin
temperature.
DECREASED CIRCULATION
7
HGB
HEMOGLOBIN is the iron-containing
oxygen-transport protein in red blood cells
Hemoglobin is what absorbs oxygen into the red
blood cells so it can be transported to the
working muscles and released.
When you smoke anything, you breath in carbon
monoxide.
Hemoglobin has an affinity 300x greater for
carbon monoxide than for oxygen.
O2 TRANSPORT
8
ENDURANCE CAPACITY

• Smoking greatly decreases the endurance capacity
  in athletes.
• Decreases of 5-7 ml/kg/min VO2 have been
  observed (lost O2 delivery to muscles) in smokers
• O2 transport and saturation are greatly reduced
• Circulation to peripheral tissues greatly
  diminished
• Upper respiratory irritation during maximal
  intensity
• Increases heart rate
• Maximal ventilation (air breathed in /out)
  decreased
• Earlier onset of fatigue in Heart , Lungs ,
  Muscles

9
Smokers Lungs
Ill quit later
The lifelong damage from smoking is often
overlooked. This photo tells the story
10
Chew
Spit Your Life Away
An estimated 7 percent of high school students
are current smokeless tobacco users many are H.S.
athletes.
11
Performance Effects

• Raises your heart rate 10-20 BPM beats per minute
  at rest ( Cardiac Fatigue)
• Over stimulates your CNS (Central Nervous System)
• Dehydrates body (spitting)

12
No help for Athletes

• A lot of athletes get hooked before they know the
  facts about dip and chew. They don't know that
  spit tobacco
• is highly addictive
• contains nicotine
• doesn't help performance
• is not a safe alternative to cigarettes
• Addiction is one tough opponent. It doesn't take
  long to get hooked. In fact, you get more
  nicotine from spit tobacco than from cigarettes.
  To get unhooked, you have to know what you're up
  against and you need a game plan. Once you're
  hooked, it's hard to keep lid on this addiction.
• There are no benefits of using spit tobacco. In a
  Major League Baseball poll, not one player who
  used dip or chew said that the tobacco improved
  his game or sharpened his reflexes.
• Sport Scientists agree. Spit tobacco does not
  improve athletic performance.

13
Effects

• Spit tobacco is extremely addictive.
• Spit tobacco causes lip, tongue, cheek, and other
  types of oral cancer.
• Nearly 90 of oral cancers start from mouth sores
  that look like grayish white places on the inner
  cheek.
• Spit tobacco damages mouth tissue beyond repair.
• There are over 4700 chemicals in cigarettes, and
  a great number of these same chemicals are found
  in spit tobacco.
• Spit tobacco causes gum recession and mouth
  sores.
• Using spit tobacco is not a safe alternative to
  cigarette smoking.
• Spit tobacco causes repeated bleeding in the
  mouth.
• Tooth loss and tooth decay are the results of
  using spit tobacco.
• Spit tobacco can disfigure your jaw or neck area
  by causing lumps.

14
Is it worth it? Ask Rick
'Man without a face' warns of cancer risk. Former
baseball player Rick Bender speaks  about
surviving oral cancer caused by chewing tobacco.
He lost part of his tongue and jaw in surgeries.

15

• Rick Bender was 12 when he stuck the first pinch
  of snuff between his cheek and gum.
• He was 26 when doctors diagnosed him with oral
  cancer and removed half of his jaw, a third of
  his tongue, and part of his neck.
• "I always thought smokeless tobacco was the safer
  alternative to cigarettes," says Bender, now 38.
  "'Smokeless' sounds so harmless. You know, no
  smoke, no fire."
• An estimated 7.6 million Americans use snuff or
  chewing tobacco today. Over half a million of
  those are thought to be under age 18. Many teens,
  like Bender in his youth, have no idea that
  smokeless tobacco can cause one of the most
  deadly types of cancer known oral cancer.
• Those who use snuff -- also known as spit tobacco
  --are up to 11 times more likely to develop
  cancer of the mouth, cheek, gums, tongue, lips,
  or throat than nonusers. Oral cancer is diagnosed
  in about 29,000 people every year, and over 7,000
  die from it annually. Only half of all oral
  cancer patients are alive five years after
  diagnosis.
• Smokeless tobacco has also been associated with
  other types of cancers, as well as heart disease.
  It can speed tooth decay, cause your gums to
  recede, stain your teeth, and give you bad
  breath. In addition, high nicotine levels (higher
  than cigarettes) make this kind of tobacco
  extremely addictive. (For more information on the
  hazards of snuff and chewing tobacco, see our
  (factsheet on smokeless tobacco. )
• Yet while public health campaigns have made us
  all well aware of the dangers of smoking, studies
  show that few young people have heard about the
  perils of using snuff and chewing tobacco.
• A recent survey of teenager smokeless tobacco
  users in West Virginia -- one of the top
  smokeless-tobacco-consuming states -- found that
  only 74 percent knew the product was harmful. Of
  808 public high school boys surveyed, 7 percent
  of fifth graders said they used snuff, 22 percent
  of eighth graders, and 32 percent of 11th
  graders.
• Craig Stotts, RN, PhD, an investigator at
  Arkansas' Program Against Teen Chewing (PATCH),
  says the number of adolescents using smokeless
  tobacco has doubled in the past three decades.
  The typical users are young white males, many of
  whom play baseball and don't do very well in
  school.
• "Peer pressure, especially among baseball
  players, is severe," says Stotts. "We've tried
  recruiting teens for our project at high school
  baseball teams and have had no luck," often
  because the coaches are users too, he adds.
• To make matters worse, Stotts says, U.S. tobacco
  companies often give away free hats and tins of
  snuff at the sporting events most popular among
  rural teens baseball games, tractor pulls, and
  rodeos.
• Rick Bender was a baseball player as a teen. He
  knows the kind of peer pressure kids face when it
  comes to smokeless tobacco, and the kind of
  resistance they'll put up if told to quit.
• "I don't care what age you are, nobody likes to
  be told what to do," says Bender, who now spends
  most of the year talking to high school students
  about his experience with smokeless tobacco. "I
  just give them the information and let them know
  it's their decision -- a life and death
  decision."
• Kids snap to attention when Bender walks into an
  auditorium. "I'm different, and they sit there
  and listen to what I have to say," he says.
• More than 200 kids across the country have
  surreptitiously slipped Bender their tins of
  snuff following his lectures. "They'll palm it in
  their right hand and then hand it off when they
  shake my hand," Bender says. He keeps those cans
  in his garage as trophies.
• When Bender first developed oral cancer in 1989,
  doctors gave him just two years to live.
  Fortunately, the extremely invasive surgery he
  underwent succeeded in removing all of the
  cancer. The media has dubbed Bender "The Man
  Without a Face." He says that he doesn't mind the
  moniker, but quips that "The Man With Half a
  Face" would be more accurate.
• "This thing was supposed to kill me and it
  didn't," Bender says. "And maybe talking to these
  kids is the reason God left me here."

16
Spark It Up Your Loss
Smoke it and Lose
POT NOT
17
Whats in the smoke? Chemicals
Whats in the smoke? Enough chemicals to cover
and coat your aveoli , which are the site of
entry for oxygen that is needed for your muscles
to work