The 1920

1
The 1920sNativism and Civil Rights

• The Good
• The Bad
• And the Ugly

2
American Idol- Lucky Lindy

• Charles A. Lindbergh flew the plane, The Spirit
  of St. Louis, on the first non-stop solo flight
  across the Atlantic from New York to Paris in 33
  hours and 29 minutes

3
Immigration Quota Systems

• Emergency Quota Act of 1921- goal to cut sharply
  European immigration to the U.S.
• Amended in 1924 to limit immigration to 2 of the
  number of its nationals living in the U.S. in
  1890. Discriminated against people from eastern
  southern Europe.
• Prohibited Japanese immigration
• DID NOT prohibit Canadians and Mexicans-1 million
  Canadians and almost 500,000 Mexicans immigrated
  in the l920s.

4
American Civil Liberties Union

• Founded in 1920, as non-profit organization
• Goal to protect First Amendment rights, equal
  protection under the law, due process under the
  law right to privacy.

5
Sacco Vanzetti

• Italian immigrants who were anarchists both
  evaded the draft in World War I.
• Arrested charged with the robbery murder of a
  factory paymaster
• Convicted on circumstantial evidence with a
  prejudicial jury judge sentenced to death and
  executed after 7 years of appeal.
• Example of anti-immigrant nativism
• G. Gonzales

6
Labor Union Unrest

• No strikes during the war, but by 1919 3,000
  strikes.
• Labor Unions associated with communism
• Boston Police strike-Coolidge called out the
  National Guard
• Steel Mill Strike-Wilson intervened
• United Mine Workers-John L. Lewis led them to
  victory

7
Labor Unrest

• 1925, A. Philip Randolph founded the Brotherhood
  of Sleeping Car Porters to help African Americans
  gain a fair wage.
• Limited gains hurt the unions badly. Over the
  decade membership dropped from more than 5
  million to around 3.5 million.

8
Palmers Raids the Red Scare1919-1920

• Attorney A. Mitchell Palmer and his agents
  (J..Edgar Hoover) hunted down suspected
  Communists, socialists, and anarchists.
• Trampled civil rights, invaded peoples homes
  offices, jailed suspects without allowing legal
  counsel and deported without trials.
• Stoked American fear of communism by associating
  it with immigrants and labor unions.
• R. Segovia

9
Ku Klux Klan Rides Again

• Goal- Devoted to 100 per cent Americanism
• Goals-Keep blacks in their place, destroy saloons
  and unions, drive Catholics, Jews and foreign
  born out of the country
• By 1924, 4.5 million membership
• In 1925, 60,000 marched in Washington, D.C.
• A. Moreno