Formal%20Commands!

1
Formal Commands!

• Ten-Hut!
• In this presentation, you will learn about making
  commands in Spanish.

2
Commands in English

• are pretty easy. You just use a base verb form
  (without a subject, since its always you) to
  tell people what they should do
• Stand up!
• Sit down!
• Do your homework!
• Take out the garbage!
• Be quiet!

3
Commands in English

• and what they shouldnt do
• Dont write in your books!
• Dont speak English in Spanish class!
• Dont be silly!

4
Commands in Spanish

• are little more complicated because we have so
  many ways of saying you
• Tú informal, singular
• Vosotros informal, plural
• Ud. formal, singular
• Uds. formal, plural
• However, we will concentrate on the formal
  commands only.

5
Lets look at a few examples!

• Hable despacio, por favor.
• Repita, por favor.!
• Siéntese Ud. aquí.
• Entreguen Uds. la tarea.
• Hagan el ejercicio B.
• No hagan el ejercicio A.
• No se levante Ud.!
• No corran en la clase!

6
Hable despacio, por favor.

• The speaker is talking to one person.
• Can you figure out how we got the form hable?
• Take the yo form of the present HABLO
• Drop the o HABL-
• Hablar is an AR verb, so add E to form the
  command HABLE

7
Repita, por favor.

• The speaker is talking to one person.
• Can you figure out how we got the form repita?
• Take the yo form of the present REPITO
• Drop the o REPIT-
• Repetir is an IR verb, so add A to form the
  command REPITA

8
Opposite vowels

• Think of the verb adding the opposite vowel
• AR verbs add an E.
• ER IR verbs add an A.

9
Lets try a couple!

• Comer ______ Ud.!
• Coma Ud.!
• Escribir _____ Ud.!
• Escriba Ud.!
• Tomar _____ Ud.!
• Tome Ud.!
• Entregar _____ la tarea!
• Entregue la tarea!
• Note the spelling change because of the final g
  sound.

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Uds

• Entreguen Uds. la tarea.
• Right! Just add an N to the command form when
  you are talking to more than one person.

11
Lets try a couple more!

• Comer ______ Uds.!
• Coman Uds.!
• Escribir _____ Uds.!
• Escriban Uds.!
• Tomar _____ Uds.!
• Tomen Uds.!
• Comenzar _____ el examen!
• Comiencen el examen!
• Note the spelling change because of the final z.

12
Levántese!

• What about reflexive verbs?
• Levántese! / Siéntese!
• In affirmative commands, all objects are attached
  to the end of the verb.
• Levante se
• Levanten se

13
No!

• How do we make negative commands in Spanish?
• No fume!
• No tome café!
• No coma tanto!
• Right simply put the word NO in front of the
  command form.

14
No se levante!

• What about reflexive verbs?
• No se levante! No se siénte!
• In negative commands, all objects precede the
  verb.
• No se levante.
• No se levanten.
• No se siente.
• No se sienten.

15
Some irregulars

• What would a lesson be without a few irregulars
  to make it interesting?? Can you guess where
  these forms come from?
• Haga la tarea.
• Tenga paciencia.
• Salga ahora.
• Vuelva a casa.
• Piense bien.
• Sé bueno!
• Esté tranquila!

16
Qué pasa?

• Haga la tarea.
• Hacer gt yo hago gt -o -a
• Tenga paciencia.
• Tener gt yo tengo gt -o -a
• Salga ahora.
• Salir gt yo salgo gt - o -a
• Vuelva a casa.
• Volver gt yo vuelvo gt -o -a
• Piense bien.
• Pensar gt yo pienso gt -o -e
• These verbs follow the same formula start with
  the yo form, drop the o, and add the opposite
  vowel.

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Sé, esté, dé, sepa, vaya

• These five verbs are very irregular for a good
  reason
• Ser gt yo soy
• Estar gt yo estoy
• Dar gt yo doy
• Saber gt yo sé
• Ir gt yo voy
• The yo form does not end in an o, so there is no
  o to drop when forming the command form.

18
Terminemos por ahora!

• Thats all for now, but learn this concept well
  the command form will be very important when we
  learn about our last verb form this semester
  the subjunctive.