Sci. 1-2

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Sci. 1-2 Mapping the Earths Surface Pages 10 -
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A. A globe is probably the most accurate model
of the Earth.
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• Maps are better for studying Earths surface
  because they show more detail like roads and
  rivers. Maps can show the entire Earth or just
  parts of it.

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• Maps have built-in distortion because some
  information is lost when mapmakers transfer
  images from a curved surface to a flat surface.
• 1. These may make some landmasses and oceans
  appear larger than they really are.

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• Mapmakers use map projections to transfer the
  image of Earths curved surfaces onto a flat
  surface.
• All flat maps have some amount of distortion.
• 3 most common projections- cylinders, cones, and
  planes

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• Mercator projection a map projection that
  results when the contents of the globe are
  transferred onto a cylinder of paper
• Lines of latitude and longitude are parallel
• It has great distortion around the poles making
  Greenland appear as large as Africa.

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• Conic Projection a map projection that is made
  by transferring the contents of a globe onto a
  cone.
• 1. Best for mapping land that have more area
  east and west than north and south like the
  United States.

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• Azimuthal Projection- a map projection that is
  made by transferring the contents of a globe onto
  a plane
• 1. Area of decreased distortion is around only
  one point

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1. Aerial photographs pictures from the sky are
   important in helping mapmakers make accurate maps

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• Remote sensing (gathering info. without being
  there) has allowed mapmakers to make more
  accurate maps
• Cameras in planes
• Sensors in satellite

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J. All maps should have the following
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1) Title subject of the map
2) Date the time when the information was
collected
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• Scale like a ruler to show distance measured on
  the map
• Legend a list of symbols and explanations

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5) Compass rose shows the map directions