HEAT

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HEAT IT UP!
Helping Empower All To Important
Thermodynamic Unifying Principles
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Outline of teachable unit
Day 1 Provide an environment that reduces the
fear of chemistry in students. Day 2 Chemical
equilibrium, steady state, as well as how and why
cells/life are not at equilibrium Day 3
Chemical potential, entropy, and diffusion Day
4 Enzyme kinetics, catalysis, transition states,
binding of substrate, and activation energy
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• With which of the following
• are you least comfortable?
• Physiology
• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Thermodynamics
• Ecology

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Amount of energy available to do work
Ratio of the Concentration of ProductsReactants
__________________________________________________
_________________
When you see the graph above, how do you feel
about interpreting it? a- confident b- if I have
to c- neutral d- wary e- scared out of my mindI
am dropping biology immediately!
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Amount of energy available to do work
Ratio of the Concentration of ProductsReactants
Based on these data which reaction would have the
highest ratio of the concentration of
productsreactants at equilibrium? A green
(bottom) B blue (middle) C red (top)
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• Some basic biology
• Why do we eat?

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• Some basic biology
• Why do we eat?
• 2. Where is this energy used
• in our body?

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• Some basic biology
• Why do we eat?
• 2. Where is this energy used
• in our body?
• Why do cells need energy?

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• From where might the energy come
• that is required for these cellular
• processes we just discussed?
• The oxygen we breathe
• The water we ingest
• The caffeine we drink
• The vitamin pills we take
• The sugar we break down

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Can energy be created? Can energy be destroyed?
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Energy Releasing Reactions Energy Requiring
Reactions
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Energy Releasing Reactions Energy Requiring
Reactions
Biological processes can COUPLE these reactions
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Amount of energy available to do work
Ratio of the Concentration of ProductsReactants
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Amount of energy available to do work
Ratio of the Concentration of ProductsReactants
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Figure 5.16 Making a polypeptide chain
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Figure 5.16 Making a polypeptide chain
The ?G for this reaction is 6 kcal/mole
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In the cells of your body, glucose and oxygen are
converted to carbon dioxide and water. This
process is called cellular respiration.
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• Consider the synthesis in a cell of a protein
  having 101
• amino acid subunits. This requires the formation
  of 100
• peptide bonds. The DG for peptide bond formation
  is 6 kcal/mol.
• The complete breakdown of glucose in cellular
  respiration
• releases 600 kcal/mole.
• How many moles of glucose molecules does it take
  to make
• a mole of this protein?
• lt 1
• 1
• gt 1

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?Go
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Standard State
?Go
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Standard State
?Go
Equilibrium Point
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Based on the lesson just presented, when you see
the graph above, how do you feel about
interpreting it? a- confident b- if I have
to c- neutral d- wary e- STILL scared out of my
mindI am dropping biology immediately!
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Based on these data which reaction(s) would have
the lowest ratio of the concentration of
productsreactants at equilibrium? A green
(bottom) B blue (middle) C red (top)
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Congratulations! You just did thermodynamics!!!
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A lt---gt B
B lt---gt C
Sum of above reactions
A lt---gt C
Homework 1 The reactions A lt---gt B and B lt---gt
C occur sequentially and can be summed to yield
the reaction A lt---gt C. What is the DG of this
reaction when the reaction occurs under standard
state conditions? Homework 2 Concept map. See
course web site for instructions.
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Cornell University
Rutgers, the State University of NJ
Kuei-Chiu Chen
Diana Martin Tom
Owens
Gregg Transue Dartmouth
College
University of Alabama Jon Kull

Kim Caldwell Roger Sloboda And
driven mercilessly by Ishrat Khan (Clark
Atlanta) and Lillian Tong (University of
Wisconsin-Madison)
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