The War in Afghanistan

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The War in Afghanistan

• Analyze the Causes and Effects

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Afghanistan

• What is this land like?

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Basics

• Population 32 million
• Size Texas
• Language Afghan Persian
• 70 different languages
• Ethnicity Mixed
• Pastun 50
• Associate with Tribes
• Literacy Rate 36
• Land Mountain and Desert
• Landlocked

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Afghan History

• Diverse Nation
• Conquered in past by
• Persians, Romans, Ottomans, British
• Won Independence from Great Britain in 1919
• 1978 Civil War

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Afghan History

• 1979 Soviet Invasion ? Beat USSR in 89 w/ USA
  aid
• 1989 1996 Civil War ? Taliban wins
• Taliban seekers of knowledge govt. in power
• Harsh repressive government
• Radical Muslims
• Drug Trade (Heroin) ? Famine
• Extreme Poverty

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USSR vs. Afghanistan 1979 - 1989
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Soviets in Afghanistan 1988
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Thanks USA
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Soviets leaving Afghanistan 1989
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Taliban Takes Charge of Country
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Taliban Police
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Public Execution in 1999
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1,500 year old Buddha statues March 2001
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Opium poppy plants
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Poppy seed
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Heroin
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September 11, 2001
How does this relate to Afghanistan?
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The War in AfghanistanOperation Enduring Freedom
Afghanistan

• September 11, 2001
• The Attackers and their Motivation
• Planning of the Attacks
• The Hijackers
• Osama bin Laden Khalid Sheikh Mohammed
• US-led Coalition Response
• Operation Enduring Freedom Afghanistan
• Effects of the War in Afghanistan

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Questions Page

• Which attack alarmed you the most?
• Why?

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Al-Qaeda

• Claims responsibility for attack on USA
• Taliban lets Al-Qaeda hide out in their county
  because they are allies.

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Al-Qaeda Alliance with Taliban

• 1996 Osama bin Laden moves from Sudan to
  Afghanistan
• Leader of Al-Qaeda

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Al-Qaeda Network
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9/11

• Men who Hijacked planes

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Hi-jacker
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Why did these people want to attack America?

• According to Bin Laden, he is concerned with
• American foreign policy towards, and American
  actions in, the Muslim world
• US support for Israel in its ongoing theft of
  Arab land
• US support for corrupt and repressive regimes in
  the Muslim world (Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and
  the Gulf states).
• Post 9/11, the US has added to an already long
  list of Muslim grievances by occupying
  Afghanistan and Iraq. 

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Why did these people want to attack America?

• According to Bin Laden, he has never said that
  the attacks were, are, or will be because of
  American freedoms, the rights of our citizens, or
  even because of our religious differences.
• He has said that the reasons for the attacks of
  the past as well as those of the future will be
  because of the way the US and its allies treat
  the Muslim World.

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Khalid Sheikh Mohammed
Captured

• The 9/11 Commission Report determined that the
  animosity towards the United States felt by
  Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the "principal architect"
  of the 9/11 attacks, stemmed "not from his
  experiences there as a student, but rather from
  his violent disagreement with U.S. foreign policy
  favoring Israel".

Architect of 9/11
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Osama bin Laden
?
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Wheres Osama?

• Rumor has it Pakistan
• Why so tough to find?

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How did the United States respond?

• Tells Taliban to
• deliver Al-Qaeda leaders to USA
• release all US citizens in jails
• protect foreigners in Afghanistan
• Close terrorist facilities
• Does the Taliban accept?

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• Do you feel an attack on a country that harbors
  terrorists is justifiable?

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Operation Enduring Freedom

• Invade Afghanistan (Oct. 7, 2001)
• Mission
• 1) Capture Osama bin Laden
• 2) Destroy Al-Qaeda network
• 3) Remove Taliban Regime

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NATO

• North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• committed to preserving peace through
  international cooperation and collective (joint)
  security.
• Have given forces to War in Afghanistan (49
  countries now 37)

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Americans in Helmand Province 2007
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Afghan Man

• Friend or Foe?

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Taliban

• Thanks Iran!

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Questions

• Do you feel the USA and Congress made the right
  decision to attack the Taliban in 2001?
• Question
• Why do you think the US, with the most powerful
  military in the world, and its allies, have not
  been able to totally subdue the Taliban?

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Are both wars another Vietnam?

• Long dragged out conflicts with no end in sight.
• Cant tell whose an friend or foe.
• Not popular at home.
• Not popular with other governments or their
  people.
• Not winning the hearts and minds of the people.
• Fighting primitive people with nothing to lose

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What are the problems?

• Friend or Foe?
• Suicide Bombers
• IED- Improvised Explosive Devices
• Taliban Aid from Iran
• Taliban Aid from Russia
• Drug Trade Flourishes (92 of Worlds Heroin)
• Famine
• Never known democracy
• Extreme Islamic Groups

• Mountains and Terrain
• Border crossing
• Inadequate amount of US troops
• Untrained Afghani Troops
• Legitimate Government?
• Civilian Casualties
• 3,000 Deaths

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Successful or Unsuccessful?

• New Government in Afghanistan
• Unstable however
• Taliban no longer in control
• Yet have re-emerged (quadrupled in size) in SE
  Afghanistan now parts of Pakistan
• NATO losing control in region
• Osama bin Laden cant be found
• Sanctuary in Pakistan?
• 8 year war Obama thinking deploying more troops
  to the region.
• Declared a Failed State by U.N.

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