Southeast Asia

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Southeast Asia
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Section 1 Land and Climate

• A Malay Archipelago ( East Indies) includes
  Indonesia, Philippines, Brunei, e. Timor, E.
  Malaysia, and Papua New Guinea
• 1. almost 20,000 islands
• 2. part of ring of fire which includes some of
  Earths most active volcanoes

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B Resources

• 1 2/3 of SE Asia is covered with forests
  mostly hardwoods. The region contains the
  worlds largest supply of teakwood ( in Myanmar).
  Also mahogany and ebony
• 2. Fossil fuels of the region include coal ,
  oil and natural gas.
• 3. tin, used to prevent steel products from
  rusting, is found in the region

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Section 2 History and Govt

• A. Trade influences on S.E. Asia
• Over 2000 years ago, people of SE Asia began
  trading with India. The culture of India has a
  strong impact on the region (including Hinduism
  Buddhism)
• The Chinese controlled the Red R. delta in
  Vietnam. The people of the region learned
  methods from China and the philosophies of
  Confucianism and Taoism.
• Arab traders dominated sea trade along the Malay
  Peninsula and Malay Archipelago for many years
  they introduced Islam.

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Have your vocab and WS on your desk

• 1. includes Indonesia, Philippines, Brunei, e.
  Timor, E. Malaysia, and Papua New Guinea
• 2. What fraction of SE Asia is covered with
  forests
• 3. Teakwood is found mainly in which country
• 4. What two other woods are important in this
  area
• 5. Collective name for coal, oil and natural gas
• 6. This region known for earthquakes and
  volcanoes
• 7. What country influenced this region including
  Taoism and Confusicanism?
• What country influenced this region including
  Buddhism and Hinduism?
• 8. Who dominated trade along the Malay Peninsula
  and the Malay arcipelago

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B European Colonies in the Region

• B/n 1500-1900, Europeans took over Arab trade
  routes and all of SE Asia except for Thailand
• Europeans had a large influence on the region
• Medicine, herbs, pepper, cinnamon, clove, and
  nutmeg
• Established plantations and mines
• Built shipping ports and trading factories
• Introduced rubber trees seeds brought from
  Brazil

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Continue B 2

• e. The Europeans redrew the boundaries without
  regard to the natives.
• Colonial powers moved natives from one area to
  another to provide necessary workers
• People from India migrated to the region
• Chinese were brought to the region to become
  shopkeepers and traders. Singapore is ¾ Chinese

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• Put your ws in the inbox.
• Notes
• Video Vietnam

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C Independence Conflicts

• 1. During WWII much of the region was controlled
  by Japan. When Japan was defeated in1945 colonial
  powers met resistance when the attempted to
  reclaim their former possessions. All countries
  have since become independent
• There have been many conflicts since independence
  because
• So many ethnic groups
• Tensions b/n communist and non-communists
• Border disputes created by European colonialism

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D. Vietnam War

• A. Background
• Fr. Refused to grant independence to Vietnam
  after WWII. Ho chi Minh, a communist led the
  independence movement ( Viet Minh) against the
  Fr. After years of fighting, Fr. Withdrew in
  1954
• Geneva Accords (1954) said
• divided Vietnam along the 17th parallel into a
  communist N. Vietnam (led by Ho Chi Minh) and
  non-communist S. Vietnam ( led by Ngo Dinh Diem)
• S. Vietnam must hold elections in1956 ( Diem
  cancelled the elections for fear of losing and
  declared S. Vietnam an independent state.

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B. Outbreak of War

1. S. Vietnam was chaotic, lacked resources, and
   faced much repression under Diem. In 1963 Diem
   was assassinated by his own generals. New
   leaders had little support ( over next 3 years-9
   different regimes)
2. Sov. Union and China supported N. Vietnam . The
   Viet Cong-S, Vietnam group that backed communism.
   The Viet Cong used sudden surprise attacks and
   then scattered in to the jungle (guerilla
   warfare) N. Vietnam supplied them with weapons
   from Sov. Union and China.

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C During the War

• 1 US Aid
• Under Eisenhower JFK (50s 60)Us sent weapons
  and military advisors to aid S. Vietnam
• 64 ( L. B. Johnson) the US began sending troops
  to help the S. Vietnamese
• 65 US began bombing N. Vietnam
• 68-Us had over 500,000 troops in Vietnam

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C continued

• 2 60s Ho chi Minh sent troops through Laos
  and Cambodia using the Ho Chi Minh Trail. US
  bombed these countries to stop the supplies. War
  spread to these countries and eventually
  communists gained control in both Laos and
  Cambodia.

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C continued

• 3. Nixon began pulling troops out of Vietnam.
  In April 75 communists captured Saigon (capital)
  they changed the name to Ho Chi Minh City and
  united Vietnam under communist control

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D results

1. US lost over 58,000 soldiers and over 300,000
   wounded.
2. Over 5 million Vietnamese (N S combined) died
3. 6 million S. Vietnamese fled from S. Vietnam
   after the fall of Saigon
4. US built Vietnam Veteran Memorial in Washington DC

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Maya Lin designedVietnam Mem. In Dc Daughter of
Chinese immigrants
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E. Govt Today

• Communist-Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia
• Singapore- all powerful Prime Minister whose
  party holds every seat in Parliament
• Indonesia and Philippines -parliamentary
  republics with elected presidents
• Thailand-constitutional Monarchy ( Prime
  Minister)
• Brunei-Monarchy ruled by a Sultan

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Section 3 Cultural Expression

• A Religions
• 1. Buddhism- Indochina Peninsula
• 2. Islam- Malay Peninsula
• 3. Roman Catholic-Philippines ( Sp. Colony)
• 4. Confucianism and Taoism is large among the
  Chinese population in the region
• 5. Hinduism was brought by the Indian merchants

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B. Languages

• 1. English and Filipino-official Philippines
• 2. Chinese , Malay, Tamil, and English-
  Singapore
• 3. English and Malay- Malaysia
• 4 Vietnam- Vietnamese and French
• 5. Laos- Lao and French
• 6. Cambodia-Khmer and French

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Whats a Wat?
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C Art Architecture

• Art Architecture- inspired by Buddhism and
  Hinduism. All of the best scarce materials were
  used to make temples for the Gods. These
  temples were often gilded ( coated with a thin
  layer of gold). One of the most famous temple is
  in Angkor Wat.

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About Angkor Wat

• Major tourist attraction ( 50 of tourists go to
  Cambodia to see Angkor Wat)
• Means City of Temples
• Faces West/ Associated with funeral rituals
• reliefs read counterclockwise
• Originally Hindu in 11th Century (dedicated to
  Vishnu) but became Buddhist by 12th century

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BAS relief at Angkor Wat
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Kampongs
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• Mcdonalds Southeast Asia

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Taiwans Rice Wrap
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• . Seaweed Seasoned Fries
• These fries are seasoned with seaweed and salt,
  and you apply the seasoning yourself. Other
  seasonings include chargrill and French onion.

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Bubur AyamChicken strips in a thick porridge
with vegetables and hot peppers.
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Samarai Pork Burger in Thailand ( features pork
instead of beef)
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McSpaghettiNo, this item doesnt hail from
Italy, its actually on the menu in the
Philippines.
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Filet-o-ShrimpThis ebi-burger (ebi is Japanese
for shrimp) is served with secret sauce. The
secrets out, McDonalds. We know the secret is
just Thousand Island dressing.