Egyptian Gods

1
Egyptian Gods Goddess
2
Ra / Re / Amen-Ra

• King of the Gods
• Sun god
• Falcon head with a sun on top.
• Sometimes seen as the creator of men (Egyptians
  called themselves "the cattle of Ra)
• Since heaven and the underworld have water, Ra
  uses a boat (Madjet (strong) while rising and
  Semektet ("becoming weak") when setting. He
  often has help from other gods to successfully
  navigate his boat.
• He constantly had to fight monsters (Sebau, Nak,
  and Apep)
• The phoenix is one of his symbols

3
Ra or Re Sun God Sun worship and pyramids

• The sun was just as important as the Nile in
  the Egyptian times.
• It was believed that the goddess Nut gave birth
  to the sun in the morning and swallowed it at
  night.
• The sun was so important in the Egyptian times
  that it was known as a god called Ra.
• He was the most important god of all gods.

4
Osiris

• God of the earth and vegetation
• Symbolized the yearly drought and flooding of the
  Nile.
• Gave Egypt civilization.
• Married his sister, Isis
• Osiris rules Egypt and he leaves Isis in charge
  when he is gone
• Set and 72 conspirators kill him by chopping him
  up into pieces
• Isis found almost all the pieces and put him back
  together (making the missing part out of clay)
• King of the afterlife
• Usually shown as a bearded, mummified human with
  green skin and wearing the atef crown. His hands
  come out from the mummy wrappings and hold the
  flail and crook.

5
Osiris First pharaoh and tamer of the land
Farming

• Egyptians believed that the God known as Osiris
  was the first pharaoh.
• He taught the early Egyptians to farm. He turned
  deserts into cropped lands where animals could
  graze.
• Osiris was chief god of the underworld.
• In most images he is seen on mummies bandages
  

6
Horus

• Falcon headed
• The Pharaoh was supposed to be his earthly
  embodiment.
• Son of Osiris (after his resurrection)
• Set is always trying to hurt him
• Stunted from his waist down
• In art, he is often shown standing on crocodiles
• His sons are born from Isis. Each take care of
  the organs during the mummification process
• Duamutef (stomach)
• Imsety (liver)
• Hapi (lungs)
• Qebehsenuef (intestines)

7
Isis

• Isis was the sister/wife of Osiris
• Shown as a a woman wearing a vulture head-dress
  and the solar disk between a pair of horns
• May be one of the judges of the dead
• Has great magical powers
• Created the cobra and uses the cobra bite to make
  Ra reveal to her his secret name
• The purest example of the loving wife and mother

8
Seth

• God of evil, the desert, storms, and chaos
• A devil figure
• Antelopes are sacred to him
• Hates Osiris (jealous)
• Kills Osiris and becomes king before he is killed
  by Horus
• Part pig and part donkey

9
Seth Wicked god of the sky Crime in ancient

• Seth was the most evil Gods of all the Egyptian
  Gods.
• Seth is the god of Chaos, confusion and violent
  weather.
• In Egyptian times Seth murdered his brother,
  Osiris, and then scattered the pieces all over
  the land.
• He appeared with a forked tail with cloven hooves
  with large pricked ears, a snout
• and a monstrous head. Although he sometimes took
  the shape of frightening animals.

10
Hathor

• Usually depicted as a cow or as a beautiful woman
  wearing a horned headdress
• She is both wife/ daughter of Ra
• Also married Horus
• She offers food and drink to the dead
• Women aspire to be her

11
Anubis

• Son of Nephthys and either Set or Ra adopted
  servant of Isis
• Head of a jackal
• Guides the dead to the underworld and weighs
  their heart (bad deeds make your heart weigh
  more)
• Works with Osiris in the underworld
• Mummification god

12
Anubis God of Embalming Mummies

• Anubis chief of all the dead. He looked over
  all dead mummified Egyptians.
• He would weigh your heart/soul against a feather
  and if your soul weighed more (due to sin) you
  would be punished.
• He had a human body with a black jackals head.
  His ears were pointed and prickled.
• Sometimes embalmers wore Anubis masks when at
  work.

13
Ammut

• Eater of the Dead
• She stands by the scales of the hearts and eats
  the hearts of the wicked (a final death)
• Head of a crocodile, body of a leopard, hind legs
  of a hippo (apparently wicked hearts are
  fattening who knew?)

14
Nut

• The Sky
• She and her brother, Geb (the earth), could not
  stop holding hands so now their father (Shu
  air) stands between them holding them apart.

15
Thoth

• Moon god
• Head of an ibis
• Scribe (records the weight of the hearts in the
  underworld)
• Invented writing
• From the Book of the DeadHear the word of the
  very truth. I have judged the heart of the
  deceased, and his soul stands witness for him.
  His deeds are righteous in the great balance and
  no sin has been found in him.

16
Bast

• Cat-headed
• Goddess of love
• Cats are sacred (many catswere mummified in her
  honor

17
Bes

• Popular, household god
• Dwarf
• Frightens evil spirits away
• Hangs out with Taweret, a goddess of childbirth
  (she is scary looking)
• Roman soldiers wore amulets with his likeness for
  protection

18
Neith

• A mother goddess
• Invented childbirth
• Created gods, humans, and animals
• Warrior goddess
• Once she spit into the Nile and this spit turned
  into Apep, a serpent who lives in the underworld
  and tries to eat Ra each night

19
Sekhmet

• Lion headed
• Wife of Ptah (an early creator god)
• Breathes fire against her enemies
• Delivers punishment to the gods

20
Ma at Goddess of truth The weighing of the
heart

• Ma at was the patron saint of judges so they
  often wore her as part of their uniform.
• She was known as the woman who wore a feather on
  here head and often wore a dress that was
  patterned with feathers.
• Ma at was the one who made sure that the seasons
  changed, the stars moved and the gods and humans
  were in harmony.

21
Ptah The creator god Craft

• In the beginning Ptah created the world and
  molded the other gods out of precious metals such
  as gold and silver. This is how he became patron
  saint of craftsmanship.
• He was worshiped in a place in northern Egypt
  called Memphis. There he became chief god and had
  a great temple named after him.
• He then married Sekhmet a terrifying goddess with
  the head of a lion. Her name means the powerful
  one and she haunts those who are enemies to her
  father, Ra.

22
Khnum God of the river Nile Religion and the
river

• The river Nile was essential to the Egyptians for
  survival because in the Egyptian times it barely
  ever rained so it was main source of water.
• Every July the Nile would overflow and both sides
  would be covered in a thick black mud. This was
  called Inundation and was so vital it had its own
  god.
• Khnum was in charge of the river and Inundation.
• Inundation was so important because if it did not
  happen all crops would die.