The Great Depression

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Chapter 22

• The Great Depression

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President Herbert Hoover

• U.S. President when Great Depression began
• Underestimated how bad the Depression was.
• Did not believe the government should interfere
  with business.

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stocks

• Shares that show ownership in a company

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Stock Market Crash

• The start of the Great Depression
• Stock prices fell drastically
• Businesses and banks went bankrupt

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Great Depression

• A period of massive unemployment
• Businesses and banks failed

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Law of Supply and Demand

• When the supply of a product goes up and the
  demand stays the same or goes down, prices FALL.
• When the supply of a product goes down and the
  demand stays the same or goes up, prices
  INCREASE.

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Dust Bowl

• High Plains farmers plowed under the tall grasses
  in order to plant crops.
• There was nothing
  to hold down the
  soil when the wind
  blew.
• Then came a
  severe drought.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

• Elected President in 1932 after Hoover
• Only President to be elected to 4 terms
• Only President to be in a wheelchair

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The New Deal

• FDRs plan to combat
  the Great Depression
• Bank holiday
• Alphabet agencies
• Promoted the fine arts
• Taught farmers better techniques
• Paid farmers to reduce production
• Built dams to generate electricity

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Alphabet Agencies

• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
• National Youth Administration (NYA)
• Works Progress Administration (WPA)
• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

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John Nance Garner1868 - 1967

• Represented Texas in U.S. Congress from 1902
  1933.
• Speaker of the House of Representatives from
  1931 1933.
• Vice President under Franklin Roosevelt from 1933
  1941.

• Garner once described the vice presidency
  as being "not worth a bucket of
  warm spit.

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Sam Rayburn1882 - 1961

• Mr. Sam
• Elected to the U.S. Congress 24 times
• Speaker of the House for 17
  years.

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Lyndon B. Johnson

• Head of the NYA in Texas
• Later became President
  of the U.S.

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Help for Farmers

• Planted grain sorghum
  and trees as windbreaks
• Planted brush in gullies
  and clover to stop erosion
• Taught farmers about contour and right angle
  plowing

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Texas Centennial

• 1936
• 100th anniversary of Texas independence from
  Mexico
• Built San Jacinto Monument

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LULAC

• League of United Latin American Citizens
• Founded in 1929 in Corpus Christi
• Works for the rights of Hispanic Americans

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Pecan Shellers Strike

• San Antonio
• More than 10,000 mostly
  Mexican American workers
• Crowded, dirty rooms in factory
  with poor ventilation
• Went on strike for 3 months when
  wages were cut
• Police arrested 700 workers
• Settled by arbitration got higher pay