Thailand GNSS

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Thailand GNSS PBN Implementation Presented
by Thailand The 34th APEC Transportation
Working Group Meeting The 15th APEC GNSS
Implementation Team Meeting
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GNSS as a Fundamental Airspace Infrastructure

• Accurate and reliable position and navigation
  capabilities of GNSS contribute significantly
  to the improved safety of aviation.
• In line with ICAOs policy, Thailand is moving
  forward with the implementation of GNSS as air
  navigation and surveillance infrastructures.
• Safety, efficiency, economic, and environmental
  benefits are expected as results of GNSS
  implementation.
• Conventional navigation and surveillance
  infrastructure will be maintained during
  transitional period.

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Definition of PBN
Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) - is an ICAO
framework for defining a navigation performance
specification along a route, procedure or in
airspace within which the aircraft operating must
comply with specified operational performance
requirements.
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PBN Harmonizing Modern and Conventional
Navigation Aids
By providing Performance-specific System,
operational procedures can be harmonized, even
for aircrafts with different equipments. PBN
enables co-use of both conventional and
satellite-based navigation aids.


PBN Navigation Infrastructure
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ICAO Assembly Resolution

• Noting that State Letter on Issuance of ICAO PBN
  Manual (Doc 9613)
• States and planning and implementation regional
  groups (PIRGs) to complete a PBN implementation
  plan by 2009 to achieve
• Implementation of RNAV and RNP operations (where
  required) for en route and terminal areas
  according to established timelines and
  intermediate milestones and
• Implementation of approach procedures with
  vertical guidance (APV) (Baro-VNAV and/or
  augmented GNSS) for all instrument runway ends,
  either as the primary approach or as a back-up
  for precision approaches.
• 30 by 2010 70 by 2014, and 100 by 2016

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Thailand PBN GNSS Program for Aviation
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Thailand WG on PBNGNSS

• Since May 2007, Thailand National Working Group
  on PBN GNSS Implementation consists of
  representatives from
• DCA Thailand
• Airlines
• Thai Pilots Association
• Airports of Thailand
• Aeronautical Radio of Thailand

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Area 1 Policy Implementation Planning -
Conduct feasibility, e.g. why should we implement
PBN and GNSS? How much would it cost? - Define
roadmap, e.g. where and when should we
implement? - Address regulatory issues, e.g. what
regulations/legislations are needed?

Area 2 Establishments of Standards and
Requirements - Identify/Establish standards, e.g.
how should we implement? What actions are needed
to be done? Who are responsible for doing what?

Area 3 Communication with Stakeholders - Notify
stakeholders, e.g. let other people know what we
have planned and accomplished. - Gather feedback,
e.g. what do other stakeholders think? How can we
improve what we have done?
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Thailand PBN Roadmap
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PBN TMA Implementation
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Thailand PBN Plan
Terminal Areas Progress
Phuket Operation since January 2009
Hat Yai Operation since December 2009
Samui Operation since May 2010
Chiang Mai Design Completed and Successfully Flight Validated
Krabi Design Completed
Suvarnabhumi 2010-2012
Don Mueang 2010-2012
Lumpang Being Designed
Udornthani Being Designed
Chiang Rai Being Designed
Khon Kaen Being Designed
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Procedures for Phuket 09
Yellow Current VOR Track Green - PBN Track
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Safety and Efficiency Improvements with PBN
Phuket (VTSP) Conventional PBN
Runway 27 1.4-degree ILS offset Straight-in approach
Runway 09 6-degree VOR offset Straight-in approach
Runway 09 OCA at 850 feet OCA at 750 feet
Samui (VTSM) Conventional PBN
Runway 17 Straight-in yet through unstable weather area Straight-in approach, yet able to side-step to avoid the unstable weather area
Hat Yai (VTSS) Conventional PBN
Runway 08 Unavailable due to mountainous terrain Straight-in approach
Chiang Mai (VTCC) Conventional PBN
Runway 18 VOR circling approach with high circling OCA/H Runway aligned approach

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Thailand PBN Plan
Target Year Terminal Area
2012 VTSF - Nakhon si Thammarat
2012 VTSB - Surat thani
2012 VTBO - Trat
2012 VTSC - Narathiwat
2013 VTPO Sukhothai
2013 VTPP Phitsanulok
2013 VTSR - Ranong
2013 VTUU - Ubon Ratchathani
2013 VTCH - Mae Hong Sorn
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• GNSS Monitoring Stations
• Dual-Frequency GNSS Data
• Monitor both GPS and GLONASS
• Fulfill ICAO Annex 10 and Thai DCA legal
  requirements for signal archiving
• - Assist issuing of RAIM NOTAM

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PBN En-route Implementation
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PBN En-route
M502 connecting Suvarnabhumi with South
Asia Expect RNAV-5 Navigation Specification
M752 connecting Suvarnabhumi with
Australia Expect RNAV-5 Navigation Specification
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PBN En-route
Route Number of Flight (Month) Reduce Fuel Burn (Month) Reduce Carbon Emission (Month)
Suvarnabhumi Male 24 Flights 1,488 Kg 5,208 Kg
Fuel Saving from M502 Data from Bangkok Airways
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PBN En-route

• On-Going Initiatives PBN Domestic En-route
• Domestic Enroute 2.2 mil kg of fuel save / year
  estimated
• Bangkok Phuket
• Bangkok Samui Hat Yai
• Bangkok Chiang Mai
• Bangkok Udon Thani
• Bangkok Ubon Ratchathani
• Implementation On-going

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PBN En-route International

• On-going Initiatives PBN International Routes
  via ICAO
• Bay of Bengal ICAO BOB Reduced Separation
  Minima
• South China Sea ICAO South China Sea Route
  Review Task Force

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AEROTHAI in International PBN Community
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An Active Member of International PBN Community

• Thailand as an active member of international PBN
  community
• Active Participating State for ICAO Asia-Pacific
  Flight Procedure Program
• Member of ICAO FPP Steering Committee
• First country to be selected for ICAO PBN Go-team
  Visit in 2010
• Host of ICAO Instrument Flight Procedure Panel
  Meeting in 2010
• Member of ICAO Navigation System Panel
• Rapportuer of ICAO Asia-Pacific PBN Task Force
• Co-Chair of APEC GNSS Implementation Team
• Designated ICAO PBN Airspace Concept Instructor
• Honorary Member, US National Executive Committee
  for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and
  Timing

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Success Overseas

• PBN training for Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Mongolia
  and Cambodia
• PBN GNSS training for ATC, engineer, flight
  inspection pilots to Mongolia
• PBN and GNSS flight validation services for 16
  PBN Procedures for CAA Chinese Taipei
• PBN route design for Bhutan
• GNSS interference validation for Nepal

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Regional RAIM Prediction System
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Introduction

• GNSS is considered a main navigation
  infrastructure
• GNSS is now becoming a critical component of
  surveillance system, such as ADS-B
• Unpredicted outage of GNSS services can cause
  undesired interruptions on aircraft operations.

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What is RAIM?
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)
provides integrity monitoring of GNSS satellites
for aviation applications. RAIM utilizes
redundancy of satellite signal measurements
combined with aircraft barometric altitude
equipments to detect any faulty satellite signal
based on satellite geometry and probability
analysis.
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Operational Requirements

• - ICAO Annex 10 and ICAO PBN manual require
  States and Air Navigation Service Providers
  (ANSPs) to provide timely warnings of GNSS RAIM
  outages.
• RAIM prediction results are needed daily by
  pilots, flight dispatchers, air traffic
  controllers and airspace planners.
• The use of appropriate RAIM prediction services
  is considered a necessary part of GNSS approvals.
  
• RAIM prediction is required for en-route,
  terminal area, and approach operations.

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Regional RAIM Prediction System

• A common, regional RAIM prediction services for
  a region can proved to be an effective solution.
  
• By harmonizing RAIM prediction information among
  States, we will
• - enhance seamless air traffic operation
• - provide cost-effective investment solution
• - create a forum to share knowledge and
  experiences.

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Regional RAIM Prediction System

• ICAO APANPIRG tasks ICAO PBN Task Force to
  examine the feasibility of establishing a
  regional RAIM prediction system.
• At GIT 13 and GIT 14, the APEC GIT has expressed
  its willingness to work cooperatively with ICAO
  PBN Task Force to support the establishment a
  regional RAIM prediction services.

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Outcome from ICAO APAC PBN TF/6
ICAO APAC PBN TF/6 Meeting - February 2010, Hong
Kong The PBN TF noted that the proposal is also
in line with ICAO APANPIRG Decisions 20/38 and
20/39 which tasks the ICAO PBN Task Force to
examine the feasibility of establishing a
regional RAIM prediction system and invite ICAO
to develop guidance material on establishing
common implementation rules and technical
standards for GNSS reporting and prediction
requirements. The PBNTF also noted that the 46th
DGCA Conference encourages States to support and
place priority on the ICAO Task Forces and work
programmes for the Asia-Pacific. Proposals on
specific mechanisms, such as a regional RAIM
prediction service, could also be looked into.
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Outcome from ICAO APAC PBN TF/6
8.2.4 The PBN TF was informed that The APEC GNSS
Implementation Team (GIT), a team established
under the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
(APEC) Transportation Working Group, during its
thirteenth meeting in 2009, has expressed its
willingness to work cooperatively with ICAO PBN
Task Force to support the establishment of a
regional RAIM prediction service. The PBNTF also
noted with appreciation that Thailand through
AEROTHAI is willing to serve as a project
coordinator for this important regional
activity. 8.2.5 The PBNTF agrees in principle to
the establishment of a regional RAIM prediction
system and cooperation between the ICAO PBN TF
and the APEC GIT.
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Outcome from ICAO APAC PBN TF/7
ICAO APAC PBN TF/7 Meeting, September 2010,
Bangkok 7.1.5 The PBNTF agrees in principle the
establishment of a regional RAIM prediction
system and cooperation between the ICAO PBN TF
and the APEC GIT. The PBNTF also endorses the
Minimal Technical and Operational Requirements
for a Regional RAIM Prediction System as
followings 7.1.6 Basic Common Denominator -
Noting the differences among different RAIM
algorithms on-board different aircraft, a
regional RAIM prediction system provided by a
service provider, such as an ANSP, should provide
a basic common denominator RAIM prediction
service for basic GNSS receivers, such TSO-129
(Fault Detection) and TSO-145/146 (Fault
Detection and Exclusion).
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Outcome from ICAO APAC PBN TF/7
7.1.7 Prediction Period A regional RAIM
prediction system shall provide prediction for
RAIM outage and number of GNSS-satellite
availability for a 72 hour period using the
latest available GPS NANU. 7.1.8 Approach
Operations - A regional RAIM prediction system
shall support aircraft approach operations based
on RNP APCH (with/without Baro-VNAV) navigation
specification. The system shall calculate the
predicted RAIM availability for a 72 hour period
for specific Aerodromes. The algorithms shall
address the RAIM requirements for GNSS receivers
operating in Approach operations (0.3NM). Both
the Fault Detection (FD) and Fault Detection and
Exclusion (FDE) algorithms shall be provided. The
system shall calculate the predicted RAIM
availability at the Aerodrome Reference Point
(ARP) for baro (pressure altitude) aided and
non-baro aided GNSS user equipment at 1 minute
intervals or better.
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Outcome from ICAO APAC PBN TF/8
ICAO APAC PBN TF/8 Meeting, May 2011, New
Delhi ICAO PBN TF/8 was informed that AEROTHAI
had approved the initial investment for the
establishment of the APAC Regional RAIM
Prediction System to support ABAS (Aircraft Based
Augmentation System), not SBAS and GBAS. Initial
operation for the Bangkok FIR is expected to be
near the end of 2011. The system would be
capable of providing RAIM prediction services for
all participating States within the Asia/Pacific
Region within 2012.
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Thank you for your attention.

• Thank you for your attention.