ESTHETICS AND SHADE SELECTION

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ESTHETICS AND SHADE SELECTION
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CONTENTS

• ESTHETIC (ANATOMY OF SMILE APPEARANCE ZONE)
• LIGHT AND COLOR
• DIMENSION OF COLOR
• SHADE GUIDES
• SEQUENCE OF SHADE SELECTION
• REFERENCES

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Esthetic
Anatomy of smile appearance zone depend on some
factors of esthetic dentofacial composition Frame
and Reference are the constructional system that
gives shape work as a standard for measuring or
constructing. Proportion and Idealism the
relation of one part to another or to the whole
with respect to magnitude,quantity,or degreea
standard of perfection,beauty,or
excellence. Symmetry is the correspondence in
size,shape,and relative position of parts on
opposite sides of a dividing line or median plane
or around a center or axis. Perspective and
Illusion are the technique or process of
representing on a plane or curved surface the
spatial relation of objects as they might appear
to the eye.
lengthening
Widening
shortening
Narrowing
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Light and color

• Without light color does not exist.
• Scientifically, light is described as visible
  electro-magnetic energy. the eye is sensitive
  only to the visible part of the electro-magnetic
  spectrum, a narrow band with wavelength of 380 to
  750 nm.

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• COLOURS
• Primary colors
• Red, Yellow, Blue
• These colors cannot be formed by mixing other
  colors. They occur naturally by themselves.
• Secondary colors
• Are formed by mixing primary colors.
• RED Yellow Orange
• Yellow Blue Green
• Blue Red Violet.
• Complimentary colors
• They look good together they enhance appearance
  of one and another.
• Red Green Yellow-Violet Blue-Orange.
• E.g. A3 shade contains orange hue blue stain.

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• Dimensions of color
• 1) VALUE (BRILLIANCE) Is the relative
  lightness (brightness) or darkness of the hue.
• On a scale of black-white (High value
  white Low value dark)
• E.g. Hue A of Vita shade (A1-brightest A4-
  darkest)
• 2) CHROMA Is intensity or saturation of
  color tone (Hue)
• e.g. In Vita shade
  guide A1- lowest chroma, A4 Highest chroma.
• 3) HUE Is simply the colour tone i.e. RED,
  BLUE, YELLOW etc.
• 4) TRANSLUCENCY It is best represented by
  value differences. Highly translucent teeth tend
  to be lower in value.
• Chroma ? - value ?
• E.g. A4 has high chroma and low value shade, A1
  has low chroma and high value shade.

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Shade Guides

• Vita pan classic
• Chromascop and
• Vitapan 3D shade master
• Vintage Halo shade guide (Shofu dental)
• Vita pan Classic in this hue is categorized
  according to group or families
• A Orange (A1,A2,A3,A3.5,A4)
• B Yellow. (B1,B2,B3,B4)
• C Yellow/Grey (C1,C2,C3,C4)
• D Orange / Grey (D2,D3,D4)
• Chromoscope system
• Instead of letters to identify shade numbers were
  used
• 100 White, 200 Yellow, 300 Orange, 400
  Grey, 500 Dark.

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• Vitapan 3D shade master By this, shade
  selection is a logical progression of 3
  simplified steps, enabling the clinician to find
  desired shade quickly.
• 1 value determination value levels from 1-5
• 1 lighest (high value)
• 5 darkest (low value)
• 2- chroma determination 1-3
• 1 least chromatic, 3 more
  chromatic
• 3- hue determination- more yellowish (L), more
  reddish (R)

Hue- L-M-R more yellowish (L), more reddish(R)
1-5 levels of value
Chroma.1,2,3
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ADVANCES IN SHADE DETERMINATION
Shade Scan
ShadeRite Dental Vision System
Easyshade system
Clear Match System
Colorimeters
The Vita Easyshade
SpectroShade
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• Advantages of technology based ( advance) systems
• Less subjective
• Less time
• Dehydration of tooth is no more an issue
• Shade of a restoration can be verified before
  placement of a restoration
• Disadvantages
• Cost
• Still subjective i.e. depends on the skill and
  knowledge of the technician fabricating the
  restoration

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• Shade guides for oral soft tissues
• 1)Lucitone 199 (Dentsply trubyte)
• 4 glossy shade types
• Original (OR)
• Light (LT)
• Light reddish pink (LRP)
• Dark (DARK)
• 2) Ivoclar Plus Gingiva indicator (Ivoclar V)
• 4 shades
• 3) IPS gingival (Ivoclar)
• 5 regular shades G1 G5
• 4) Gummy gingiva indicator set (Shofu Dental)
• 3 reddish shades light, medium, dark

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Sequence (methods) of Color matching

• Preliminary
• Ask patient to remove any ( large jewelry,
  eyeglass, facial makeup) that could distract the
  dentist
• Shade matching be performed at the beginning of
  the appointment
• Rubber dam should not be placed tooth should
  not be dried too much
• Dentist position
• Tooth should be viewed along the long axis
• To avoid Metamerism the choice be verified under
  different light source from different angles
• If the patient spends most of the time in a
  particular light source that light be used to
  match shade
• Dentists eye should be at the level of patient
  tooth at standard reading distance of 25 33 cm

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• Tab placement
• Tab be placed parallel to the tooth same
  relative edge position
• Tab carrier should be put along its normal axis
  to avoid impact on tab color
• Time length pause
• First impression is usually the best match
• Trials be limited to 5 sec
• Matching of other attributes
• Surface roughness gloss of the tooth tabs be
  compared
• If the tab tooth being matched are not of the
  same texture both should be rewetted with water
  to eliminate this difference

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• REFERENCES
• Fundamentals of Fixed Prosthodontics, Herbert
  T. Shillingburg
• Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics ,Stephen
  F.Rosensteil
• Goldestein RE. Aesthetics in dentistry. Bc
  Decker inc., 1998