Living more Sustainably

1
Living more Sustainably Population Growth

• Chapter 1 Sections 1-2

2
?
Billions of people
Black Deaththe Plague
Time
Industrial Revolution
Hunting and Gathering
Agricultural revolution
Fig. 1-1, p. 6
3
Living more Sustainably

1. Environmental science studies how the earth
   works, our interaction with the earth, and the
   methods/procedures we use to deal with
   environmental problems.
2. Environment is considered everything that affects
   a living organism.
3. Ecology studies relationships between living
   organisms and their environment.

4
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Human Culturesphere
Earth's Life-Support System
Water (hydrosphere)
Air (atmosphere)
Population Size
Worldviews and ethics
Soil and rocks (lithosphere)
Life (biosphere)
Politics
Economics
Fig. 1-2, p. 7
5

• Environmentalism is a social movement dedicated
  to protecting life support systems for all
  species.
• A path toward sustainability includes five
  subthemes that are address throughout the text
• Natural capital the natural resources and
  naturel services that keep us and other species
  alive and support our economies.
• Natural capital degradationoccurs when human
  activities use renewable resources faster than
  they can be replenished.

6
Environmentally Sustainable Societies

• meets basic needs of its people in a just and
  equitable manner without degrading the natural
  capital that supplies these resources.

Figure 1-4
7
NATURAL RESOURCE SERVICES


NATURAL CAPITAL
NATURAL RESOURCES
NATURAL SERVICES
NATURAL RESOURCES
NATURAL SERVICES
NATURAL SERVICES
NATURAL RESOURCES
Air purification
Air
Water purification
Water
Water storage
Soil renewal
Soil
Nutrient recycling
Land
Food production
Conservation of biodiversity
Life (Biodiversity)
NATURAL CAPITAL


Wildlife habitat
Nonrenewable minerals (iron, sand)
Grassland and forest renewal
Waste treatment
Renewable energy sun, wind, water flows
Climate control
Population control (species interactions
Nonrenewable energy (fossil fuels, nuclear power)
Pest Control
Fig. 1-4, p. 9
8

• Solutionsare sought to degradation of natural
  resources.
• Trade-offsor compromises are made to resolve
  conflicts.
• Individuals matterto search for solutions to
  environmental problems
• Life and economies depend on solar capital
  (energy from the sun) and natural capital
  (earths resources and ecological services).

9

• Man must protect our solar and natural capital
  and live off the resources they provide
• For an environmentally sustainable society we
  must not compromise the needs of future
  generations.
• One view is that man must live sustainably by
  eliminating waste discontinue our depletion and
  degrading of resources.
• A different view is that man can overcome these
  problems with ingenuity, economic growth, and
  technology.

10
Sustainability The Integrative Theme

• Sustainability, is the ability of earths various
  systems to survive and adapt to environmental
  conditions indefinitely.
• The steps to sustainability must be supported by
  sound science.

Figure 1-3
11
A Path to Sustainability
Natural Capital Degradation
Individuals Matter
Trade-Offs
Solutions
Natural Capital
Sound Science
Fig. 1-3, p. 8
12
Population Growth, Economic Growth, and Economic
Development

• Human population growth continues to be more
  rapid than the earth can supportabout 220,000
  people per day.
• Economic growth provides people with the goods
  and services needed.
• Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value
  for goods and services produced both within the
  country.
• Standard of living(per capita) is the GDP divided
  by total population at midyear.

13
Global Outlook

• Comparison of developed and developing countries.

Figures 1-5 and 1-6
14

• Economic Development is improving living
  standards through growth.
• Most developed countries like U.S. , Japan, have
  high industrialization and high per capita
  income.
• Developing countries have moderate to low income
  they represent about 97 of projected increase in
  world population.

15
Percentage of World's
18
Population
82
0.1
Population Growth
1.5
85
Wealth and Income
15
88
Resource use
12
Pollution and waste
75
25
Developing countries
Developed countries
Fig. 1-5, p. 11
16
Fig. 1-6, p. 11
17

• Economic developments reflect good and bad
  economic news
• Poverty produces harmful environmental effects
• Soil, water and forests are depleted
• Pollution levels are high
• Developed countries enjoy higher a standard of
  living.
• Longer life expectancy
• Decrease in infant mortality
• Food production is greater than food needs
• Decreased in poverty, air and water pollution

18

• Environmentally sustainable economic development
  goal is to use political and economic systems to
  rewards sustainable activities and discourages
  harmful activities
• Doubling time is the time it takes to double the
  worlds population or economic growth, is
  calculated using the rule of 70 70/percentage
  growth rate doubling time in years.
• e.g. pop growth 1.23 per yr
• 70/1.23 57 yrs