Using the Stylebook

1
Using the Stylebook

• OJEA Stylebook revised by Stratton 2011

2
Purpose

• A style guide or style manual is a set of
  standards for the writing and design of
  documents, either for general use or for a
  specific publication, organization or field.
• The implementation of a style guide provides
  uniformity in style and formatting of a document.
• This book shows journalistic style as reflected
  by the
• AP Stylebook
• Webster's New World Dictionary of the American
  Language
• Oregon student and commercial publications
• Actual classroom usage.

3
Contents
Copy preparation A 4
Capitalization B 7
Abbreviations C 11
Identification of People D 14
Punctuation E 16
Numerals F 21
Miscellaneous G 23
Spelling Guide, Internet Terms 24
Sports H 25
Sports Spelling, League Teams 27
Common Area Names OR Counties 28
Portland Neighborhoods 29
Oregon School Districts 30
Oregon High Schools 32
Copy Editing Symbols Applications 42

• Arranged by type

Miscellaneous Page copied into wrong place
(between 27 28)
There are errors in index.
4
These are some of the most common errors
5
A Codes Copy Prep

• Typeset copy can distinguish between a hyphen, an
  em dash and an en dash. Consult your manual. The
  short en dash (used with dates) is often Option
  and Hyphen keys.
• The play runs Oct. 15-17.
• Use the longer em dash with a space before and
  after for parenthetical remarks or to replace a
  colon. The em dash is often the Shift, Option
  and Hyphen keys.
• The questions hundreds of them drove me
  crazy.

6
A Codes Copy Prep

• Typeset copy uses smart quotes, which are
  curved rather than straight. Consult your manual
  for key sequences for smart quotes.
• Often its Option and Open Bracket keys for
  the open quote. Example
• Its Shift, Option, Open Bracket keys for the
  close quote. Example
• For a down-curved apostrophe, its Option and
  Close Bracket keys. Example
• For an up-curved apostrophe, its Shift, Option
  and Close Bracket. Example
• The difference looks like this
• "She cant sing 'Louie, Louie' because she
  doesnt know the words."
• She cant sing Louie, Louie because she
  doesnt know the words.

Smart quotes
7
A Codes Copy Prep

• You may doublespace typeset copy to make the
  printed version easier to edit.
• Return the leading back to single-spacing when it
  is placed in the page design program.

8
B Codes Capitalization

• Course titles also see B48 Capitalize only the
  proper name for a class.
• If in doubt, consult the course description
  guide
• Keyboarding I.
• I take Journalism I fifth period.
• Im studying journalism.

9
B Codes Capitalization

• Junior varsity Capitalize and do not use periods
  when using as a modifier, as in JV team.
• Otherwise, spell it out and do not capitalize
• JV baseball, but junior varsity football.

10
C Codes Abbreviations

• Money Use the and decimal system for amounts
  larger than one dollar, but omit the decimal and
  two zeroes for even dollars.
• Spell out the word cents, using numerals for
  amounts less than a dollar
• 1 but 1.01
• 45 cents, (not .45, 45 cts., 45 or forty-five
  cents)

11
C Codes Abbreviations

• Percent One word do not use the percent symbol
• 45 percent

12
C Codes Abbreviations

• Time of day Abbreviate ante meridiem (a.m.) and
  post meridiem (p.m.) using lowercase letters and
  periods.
• Eliminate unnecessary figures and redundancies
• 7 a.m., not 700 a.m.
• 10 tonight, not 10 p.m. tonight
• Thursday at 10 p.m.

13
C Codes Abbreviations

• DO NOT ABBREVIATE
• names of foreign countries (except former
  U.S.S.R.)
• days of the week Monday, not Mon.
• Christmas never Xmas
• personal names William, not Wm. James, not
  Jas.
• percent one word -- 45 percent not 45 per
  cent, never 45 (except in charts or graphs)
• cents 45 cents, not .45, 45 cts. or 45
• United States spell out when used as a noun
  alone. Use U.S. with periods when used as an
  adjective
• U.S. government
• U.S. Postal Service
• U.S. Army

14
D codes Identifying People

• On first reference, identify a persons title,
  class or position.
• Do not use double identification in sports, such
  as sophomore center Nancy Smith
• Principal Judy Patterson
• Chet Howlett, history,
• Holly Hurlim, senior,
• center Kristi Brennan.

15
D codes Identifying People

• Use the full name on the first reference and the
  last name only thereafter
• Principal Mike Kolb wore black and white, North
  Salems school colors. Kolb sometimes wears ...
• Coach Doug Hoffmeister lectured the team at
  halftime. Hoffmeister told them ...
• Debater Paul Mapp won first at nationals. Mapp
  defeated ...

16
D codes Identifying People

• When identifying people with disabilities, focus
  on the individual rather than the disability.
• Try to mention the person first and the
  disability second, and remember the person is not
  the condition.

DO SAY AVOID
People with disabilities. The disabled.
A person who has epilepsy. An epileptic.
A man who has a physical disability. A physically disabled man.
17
E Codes Punctuation

• Apostrophe
• An apostrophe is used to form possessives.
• Exception its is the possessive form its is a
  contraction meaning it is.

18
E Codes Punctuation

• Commas Independent clause
• A comma is used to separate two independent
  clauses joined by the coordinate conjunctions
  and, or, nor, but, yet, or for.
• However, the trend is toward eliminating the
  comma when the clauses are short.
• The Dragons won their first game, but they lost
  their next two in overtime.
• Commas Series
• No comma is needed before and or or when used in
  a simple series of words or phrases.
• A comma is inserted only when needed for clarity.
• The flag is red, white and green.

19
E Codes Punctuation

• Italics
• Do not italicize titles of books, movies, plays,
  poems, songs, TV programs, lectures, speeches or
  works of art. Instead, capitalize the principal
  words and place quotation marks around all such
  titles, except the Bible and reference materials
  such as almanacs, encyclopedias and dictionaries.
  
• Do not italicize names of groups see also E42.
• The remaining members of The Beatles are
  planning a reunion.

20
E Codes Punctuation

• Periods commas
• Always place inside quotation marks.
• He said, I saw the play.
• Also see Quotations Marks.

21
F Codes Numerals

• Spell out numerals that begin sentences or reword
  to avoid starting with a large number.
• Fourteen hundred students attended Fall Press Day
  Oct. 21 at Oregon State.
• Better Fall Press Day drew 1,400 students to
  Oregon State University Oct. 21.

22
F Codes Numerals

• Spell out one through nine and use figures for 10
  and above.
• nine students
• 10 football players
• three tests
• 21.5 million
• He sold eight cows.
• 1,200 people
• ninth place
• 11th place
• In a series
• They had 10 cows, four pigs and 67 chickens.
• They had three five-room houses, 11 three-room
  apartments and 13 10-room houses.

23
G Codes Miscellaneous

• All statements of opinion or fact not generally
  available or known must be attributed to someone
• Direct quote (the exact words of the speaker, set
  in quotation marks)
• "Officer Mark Miller has confirmed that the
  substance taken from the locker was an illegal
  drug," said Police Chief Charles Moose.
• "Officer Mark Miller has confirmed that the
  substance taken from the locker was an illegal
  drug, Charles Moose, police chief, said.

24
G Codes Miscellaneous

• All statements of opinion or fact not generally
  available or known must be attributed to someone
• Partial quote (a portion of the original quote is
  retained while the rest is paraphrased, but
  retains the original intent of the speaker)
• An officer reported that material removed from
  the locker was "an illegal drug," said Police
  Chief Charles Moose.

25
G Codes Miscellaneous

• All statements of opinion or fact not generally
  available or known must be attributed to someone
• Paraphrase (reporter rephrases original quote,
  but retains original meaning)
• An illegal substance was recovered from the
  locker, according to Police Chief Charles Moose.

26
G Codes Miscellaneous

• All statements of opinion or fact not generally
  available or known must be attributed to someone
• Correcting quotes
• If a quote contains a grammatical error,
  obscenity, or cumbersome wording, paraphrase or
  partially quote rather than repeat the language
  used.
• If the reporter is uncertain about a direct
  quote, either check back with the speaker or omit
  the quote.

27
G Codes Miscellaneous

• All statements of opinion or fact not generally
  available or known must be attributed to someone
• Quoting out of Context
• The meaning of a statement may be inadvertently
  changed or even reversed if care is not taken to
  retain the original intent of the quote.
• Be sure to have enough information so that the
  original message is clear to the reader.
• Punctuating quotes See E40-48.

28
G Codes Miscellaneous

• Omit the word that when its absence will not
  affect the readers understanding of the
  statement.
• Right He said he was sorry.
• Wrong He said that he was sorry.

29
G Codes Miscellaneous

• Use third person pronouns, except in direct
  quotes.
• Exception Use of "the editorial we is
  appropriate in editorials since they represent
  staff opinion rather than the views of an
  individual.
• Avoid all other use of
• you
• we
• us
• I
• except in an occasional special feature or column.

30
G Codes Miscellaneous

• Avoid overuse of school name and mascot.

31
H Codes Sports

• Scores and records are given as figures.
• They won, 7-2. The pitchers record is now 6-5.
  The final score was 1-0.
• The score was Tillamook 8, Rainier 6. ... a 5-0
  victory ... a 12-0-2 record

32
H Codes Sports

• Use either boys and girls or men and women to
  designate teams, but be consistent in use.
• When using boys and girls, do not use an
  apostrophe.
• girls varsity soccer /boys cross country
• mens basketball/womens basketball

AP Style states 18 yrs. are men and
women. So We use boys girls.
33
H Codes Sports

• Capitalize and do not use periods when
  abbreviating junior varsity.
• Always use JV when it is used as a modifier, as
  in JV team.
• JV softball
• JV boys tennis

34
H Codes Sports

• Capitalize official titles of districts and
  meets, but lower case shortened titles.
• District 9 Championship
• District 9
• Midwestern League
• Cowapa League
• State
• district meet
• District 5A Championship
• Pac 12
• The team went to state.