Skills and Techniques

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Skills and Techniques

• Lesson Six

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Today we will

• Peer mark homework answers - Describing why a
  skill is a weakness
• Feedback and Motivation
• Principles of Effective Practice Building on
  homework task
• Homework Tuesday 11th December

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In addition to the principles of effective
practice, feedback, motivation and concentration
are important in the development of any
skill/technique. We will be focussing on
Feedback and Motivation as these are the most
important to us. If you had to answer a
question on how one or two of the above
influenced your performance you would more likely
discuss Feedback and Motivation.
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Feedback

• Feedback is information you collect about your
  performance. There are different types of
  feedback. The types you collect depend on the
  task you are completing and what you wish to know
  about your performance.

• There are two main categories of feedback
• Internal (Intrinsic) Feedback.
• External (Extrinsic) Feedback.

• Feedback is essential for performance
  improvement.
• Enables you to identify your strengths and
  weaknesses.
• Helps plan improvements to your performance.
• Provides reinforcement about the successful parts
  of your performance.
• Positive feedback increases your motivation and
  encourages you to work towards further improving
  your performance.

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Internal (Intrinsic) External
(Extrinsic)

• Internal feedback concerns movement awareness,
  i.e. how it feels to you (Kinaesthetic
  awareness).
• You can feel how you execute shots, do you feel
• Side on.
• Balanced.
• Weight on back foot.
• Transferring weight forward.
• During an overhead clear you would receive
  internal feedback about the action through the
  positioning, control, balance, co-ordination and
  timing you felt when completing the overhead
  clear.

• External feedback concerns information gathered
  from another source.
• It could be gathered from
• Observation Schedules
• Video Recording
• Digital Images
• Information from teacher
• Knowledge of results.
• You could receive external feedback on the result
  of an overhead clear from a scatter diagram,
  video recording of you performing overhead clear,
  feedback from teacher, knowledge of whether you
  won a point.

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Using feedback to help you

• The manner in which you use/collect feedback
  should relate effectively to the activity and be
  specific to what you need to know.
• In badminton you could use internal feedback
  towards the end of the associative and during
  autonomous stage of skill learning to help you
  grove the overhead clear action to muscle memory.
  
• When completing the overhead clear you should be
  aware of your stance do you feel like you are
  standing side on, is your weight transferred to
  your back foot, does your weight transfer forward
  at moment of impact with shuttle. By being aware
  of these factors, you will develop a feeling and
  awareness of when you have performed the overhead
  clear effectively.

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Using feedback to help you
For the same action you could use various forms
of external feedback to help you grove the
overhead clear action to muscle memory. You
could use a video recording to see yourself
perform the overhead clear. You could also use
the video to slow your performance down and more
accurately complete an observation schedule of
your overhead clear. A variety of observation
schedules could be used to gather a variety of
information. Movement Analysis to compare
yourself with a model performer at Preparation,
Action, Recovery stages. Scatter diagram to
record where you played your overhead clears to.
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Ensuring Feedback is effective

• For feedback to be effective it needs to be
  positive.
• Positive feedback focuses on what you did well
  and suggests how further improvements could be
  made. Positive feedback links to motivation.
  For example, if you have just finished your game
  and you receive positive feedback about the
  effectiveness of your overhead clear this is more
  likely to motivate you to make further
  improvements.
• Giving negative feedback which tends to
  concentrate on what you are doing wrong is not
  useful, and should not be given. Negative
  feedback fails to explain how you can improve
  your performance and is dispiriting and
  de-motivating.
• To ensure that the positive feedback you receive
  is effective, it needs to be accurate, relevant
  to your performance and given as soon as possible
  after performance.

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Principles of Effective Practice

• Building on H/W task

10
Think.
Work / Rest Ratio Progression Principles of
Effective Practice
SMART

• Specific To our current stage of skill learning
• Measureable Targets which we can measure to
  check for improvement / ensure
• we progress at the
  correct time.
• Achievable Practice must be challenging but
  achievable to keep you motivated.
• Problematic if to
  easy/difficult
• Realistic Keep practice related to demands of
  badminton and the overhead clear
• (game like). By doing this
  makes it easier to transfer improvements into
• activity.
• Time Consider work to rest ratio to ensure high
  level of performance, avoid
• fatigue / injury

11
Homework

• Due Tuesday 11th December
• Complete the two tasks in your Improvement
  Programme booklet that relate to Shadow and
  Repetition Practice