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decision analysis

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Title: decision analysis Author: John S. Loucks IV Last modified by: ccp Created Date: 4/17/1996 5:06:24 PM Document presentation format: – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: decision analysis


1
? 3 ?
  • ???? ?????

2
?????
  • ????? (??????????)???????????????,????????
  • ??????
  • ???(RHS)?
  • ????????????,?????????????????????.
  • ??????????????-????.

3
(No Transcript)
4
?? 1
  • LP ???
  • Max z 5x1 7x2
  • s.t. x1
    lt 6
  • 2x1 3x2 lt
    19
  • x1 x2
    lt 8
  • x1, x2 gt 0

5
?? 1
  • ???

x2
x1 x2 lt 8
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2
3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10
Max 5x1 7x2
x1 lt 6
??? x1 5, x2 3, z 46
2x1 3x2 lt 19
x1
6
?? 1
  • ?????????

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1
2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10
5
????
4
3
1
2
x1
7
??????
  • ???????????(range of optimality)??????????????,???
    ???????????,?????????
  • ???????????????????????????

8
??????
  • ????,??????????????????,????????????.
  • ???????, Max c1x1 c2x2,???? -c1/c2,????, a1x1
    a2x2 b, ???? -a1/a2.

9
?? 1
  • c1 ? c2??????

10
?? 1
  • c1 ? c2??????

11
?? 1
  • LP ???
  • Max z 5x1 7x2
  • s.t. x1
    lt 6
  • 2x1 3x2 lt
    19
  • x1 x2
    lt 8
  • x1, x2 gt 0

12
???
  • ???????????????,?????????.
  • ??????????,????????,?? ????.
  • ????? ????????????.
  • ? RHS ???,?????????????,????????????.

13
Shadow Prices
  • When the functional constraints are in form, we
    interpreted the bi (the right-hand sides) as the
    amounts of the respective resources being made
    available for the activities under consideration
  • The shadow price for resource i (denoted by yi)
    measures the marginal value of this resource, the
    rate at which Z could be increased by (slightly)
    increasing the amount of this resource (bi) being
    made available

14
????? (Range of feasibility)
  • ??????????????,???????????,????????????????????

15
?? 1
  • c1 ? c2??????

16
?? 1
  • LP ???
  • Max z 5x1 7x2
  • s.t. x1
    lt 6
  • 2x1 3x2 lt
    19
  • x1 x2
    lt 8
  • x1, x2 gt 0

17
????(Dual price Shadow price)
  • ???????????????????,??????,???????????????????????
  • ??????????????0?

18
?? 1
  • ???

x2
x1 x2 lt 8
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2
3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10
Max 5x1 7x2
x1 lt 6
??? x1 5, x2 3, z 46
2x1 3x2 lt 19
x1
19
?????????
  • ??????????????????,???????.
  • ??????????????.
  • ??????????,?????????,????,??? ????.
  • ???????????????????.

20
?????????
  • ?????????????????????,?????????????,????,?????????
    ?,??,???????????????????,??,????????????????????
    ????

21
?? 1
  • LP ???
  • Max z 5x1 7x2
  • s.t. x1
    lt 6
  • 2x1 3x2 lt
    19
  • x1 x2
    lt 8
  • x1, x2 gt 0

22
?? 1
  • ????
  • ??? 1 ?? x1 lt 6 ?????????,??????0.
  • ??? 2 ???????? RHS ??? 20 ,?????????????
    2x1 3x2 20 ? x1 x2 8???????.
  • ??? x1 4, x2 4, z 48. ??, ???? z?
    - z? 48 - 46 2.

23
?? 1
  • ????
  • ??? 3???????? RHS ??? 9 ,????????????? 2x1
    3x2 19 ?x1 x2 9???????.
  • ??? x1 8, x2 1, z 47.??, ???? z? -
    z? 47 - 46 1.

24
?? 1
  • c1 ? c2??????,?????

25
???????????
  • ?????(allowable increase)??????(allowable
    decrease)
  • ???????,???????????????????????????
  • ???????,?????????????,?????????????

26
?? 1
  • ???

x2
x1 x2 lt 8
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2
3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10
Max 5x1 7x2
x1 lt 6
??? x1 5, x2 3, z 46
2x1 3x2 lt 19
x1
27
??????
  • ???????????(range of optimality)??????????????,???
    ???????????,?????????
  • ???????????????????????????

28
?????? 100 ??
  • 100 ????????????????,??????????????????????????
    ??????? 100 ,????????.

29
?????? 100 ??
  • 100 ?????????????,?????????????????????????????
    ???? 100,??????????

30
?? 2
  • ?????????
  • Min 6x1 9x2 (
    cost)
  • s.t. x1 2x2 lt 8
  • 10x1 7.5x2 gt 30
  • x2 gt
    2
  • x1, x2 gt 0

31
?? 2
  • ???????
  • ????? 27.000
  • ?? ? ?????
  • x1 1.500
    0.000
  • x2 2.000
    0.000
  • ??? ?/?? ????
  • 1 2.500
    0.000
  • 2 0.000
    -0.600
  • 3 0.000
    -4.500

32
?? 2
  • ???????(?)
  • ??????
  • ?? ?? ???
    ??
  • x1 0.000
    6.000 12.000
  • x2 4.500
    9.000 ???
  • ??????
  • ??? ?? ???
    ??
  • 1 5.500
    8.000 ???
  • 2 15.000
    30.000 55.000
  • 3 0.000
    2.000 4.000

33
?? 2
  • ???
  • ??????
  • x1 1.5
  • x2 2.0
  • ????? 27.00

34
?????
35
?? 2
  • ?????
  • ??
  • ?? x1 ????????4. ??????????? ????????????

36
?? 2
  • ?????
  • ??
  • ????????????-?????? x1 ?????0 ? 12??. ?? 4
    ?????,????????. ??,?????????? 6x1 9x2
    4(1.5) 9(2.0) 24.00.

37
?? 2
  • ?????
  • ??
  • x2 ???????????,????????????

38
?? 2
  • ??????
  • ?? ?? ???
    ??
  • x1 0.000
    6.000 12.000
  • x2 4.500
    9.000 ???
  • ??????
  • ??? ?? ??? ??
  • 1 5.500
    8.000 ???
  • 2 15.000
    30.000 55.000
  • 3 0.000
    2.000 4.000

39
?????
40
?? 2
  • ?????
  • ??
  • ????????????-?????? x2 ??????4.5.

41
?? 2
  • ?????? 100 ??
  • ??
  • ???? x1 ??????7.5 ?x2 ??????6, ???????????
  • ??
  • ? c1 7.5, ? c1 ?????7.5 - 6 1.5. ???????
    12 - 6 6, ??? 1.5/6 25 . ?c2 6, ? c2 ????
    9 - 6 3.??????? 9 - 4.5 4.5,??? 3/4.5
    66.7. ????????? 25 66.7 91.7. ??????
    100 ????????.
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