Atomic Bonding:

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Atomic Bonding Molecules in the Making!

• LG3 Explain organization of the periodic table,
  including
• ATOMS (protons, neutrons, electrons)
• Properties of METALS/NONMETALS/METALLOIDS

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Valence Electrons

• Are electrons in the outer (highest) energy level
  in an atom
• Are the electrons involved in chemical reactions
• A happy outer shell wants to be full, like
  these Noble Gases
• An elements group number is the number of
  valence electrons that element has.

NOBLE GASES
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Ionic Bonds

• Are formed when electrons from one atom are
  transferred to another
• This transfer creates ions (electrically charged
  atoms - AND -)
• Oppositely charged ions are held together by
  electrostatic forces (like a magnet!)

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• Example Table Salt Sodium Chloride
• Na Cl

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Chemical Characteristicsof Ionic Compounds

• Usually form between metals and nonmetals (the
  name of the metal comes first when you name the
  compound e.g. Sodium Chloride)
• Usually dissolve easily in water (does salt?)
• In solution, usually conduct electricity
• Are usually solids with high melting points

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Covalent Bonds

• Occur when atoms SHARE electrons
• Frequently with atoms that gain electrons, like
  nonmetals
• Because they are shared (there are no ionic
  charges), molecules are not as strongly attracted
  gt most are liquids and gases at room
  temperature.

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Summary/LG3

• Explain how the Periodic Table can be used to
  predict how atoms might bond to form molecules,
  like
• CO2
• H2O
• NaCl