Chapter%204:%20Spain%20Builds%20an%20Empire

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Chapter 4 Spain Builds an Empire

• Lesson 2 Different Worlds Collide

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Different worlds collide

• Places

• Tenochtitlan
• New Spain
• Mexico City
• Cuzco
• Lima

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Different worlds collide

• People

• Moctezuma
• Hernando Cortez
• Dona Marina
• Francisco Pizarro
• Atahualpa

4
Different worlds collide

• Vocabulary

• Conquistador
• Ally
• Conquest
• Convert
• Colonist

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• Moctezuma and Hernando Cortez knew of each other
  even before they met in 1519.
• Cortez was from Cuba and arrived in Mexico nine
  months before Moctezuma

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• The Spanish began establishing colonies in the
  Caribbean Sea
• Stories told of great riches in Mexico and Cortez
  and others wanted some of the Aztec wealth

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Different worlds collide

• Cortez was one of a group of soldiers who became
  known as conquistadors conquerors
• Cortez faced a major challenge in defeating the
  Aztec
• Cortez and his 500 men were outnumbered by the
  Aztec

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• Cortez did have a few advantages over the Aztec
• Metal armor protected the Spanish from the
  Aztecs stone weapons
• The Spanish soldiers had muskets kind of rifle

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• Bullets could easily pierce the cloth suits of
  the Aztecs
• Conquistadors also had horses t hat frightened
  the Aztecs
• Native said, the horses ran like deer and could
  catch anyone

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• Cortez also had allies
• An ally is a friend willing to help in fight
• The people Cortez met on the way to Tenochtitlan
  did not want to live under the Aztec rule
• These people decided to help Cortez defeat the
  Aztec

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• One of Cortez allies was an Aztec woman named
  Dona Marina
• She spoke several Indian languages and the Native
  languages of Mexico

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• Dona Marina helped Cortez to persuade thousands
  to join him
• Dona Marina is describe as an excellent person
  and good interpreter

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• An important ally for the Spanish was the disease
  of smallpox
• Historians believe that the Aztecs caught
  smallpox after Cortez arrived

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• After their meeting in 1519, Moctezuma agreed to
  let Cortez stay in Tenochtitlan
• After a year, the Aztecs rose up and threw the
  Spanish out of that city

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Different worlds collide

• The Aztecs Are Conquered

• Moctezuma was killed and Cortez escaped
• Cortez returned in 1520 with many more Natives as
  allies
• In 1521 the mightiest empire of the Americas fell
  to the conquistadors

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Different worlds collide

• Mexico City

• One of the oldest cities in the Western
  Hemisphere
• Was built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan
• Today, archaeologists find evidence of the
  ancient Aztec capital right in the center of the
  modern city

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Different worlds collide

• Founding New Spain

• After the conquest of the Aztec, the Spanish
  destroyed Tenochtitlan
• A conquest is the capture or taking of something
  by force
• Smallpox continued to take the lives of the
  Natives of Mexico

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Different worlds collide

• Founding New Spain

• In 1535 Spain established the colony of New Spain
• The capital of New Spain was Mexico City
• Today Mexico City is the capital of Mexico

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Different worlds collide

• Founding New Spain

• Spanish officials set up a government, made laws,
  and build schools and universities
• Roman Catholic priest came to convert (change)
  native peoples from their religions to
  Christianity

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Different worlds collide

• Founding New Spain

• Spanish leaders discouraged native peoples from
  sacrificing people to their gods
• Colonist came from Spain
• Colonists hoped to gain wealth by farming,
  businesses and gold/silver mining

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Different worlds collide

• The Conquests Continue

• There was another powerful native empire to the
  south of Mexico
• This was the Incas
• The Inca controlled a huge area of land in
  western South America

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Different worlds collide

• The Conquests Continue

• Ten years after the conquest of Mexico, Spain
  sent Francisco Pizarro to conquer the Incas
• Pizarro captured the Incan ruler Atahualpa in 1532

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Different worlds collide

• The Conquests Continue

• In 1533, Pizarro captured the Inca capital city
  of Cuzco
• By 1535 Pizarro founded a new capital called Lima
  in the colony of Peru today Lima is still the
  capital of Peru

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Different worlds collide

• The Conquests Continue

• Conflict continued between the Spanish and the
  natives
• Some natives fought back only to face defeat
• A new culture was born part Indian, part Spanish

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Different worlds collide