Rafael Lopes

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Chapter 3

• By
• Rafael Lopes
• Jonathan Farmer

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Section 1

• Why were people in England interested in founding
  Jamestown, and when was the colony established?
• How did the Jamestown colonists interact with
  local American Indians?
• How did the English plantation system begin?
• What role did indentured servants and enslaved
  Africans have in Virginias economy?

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Section 1

• In 1605 English merchants wanted to create a new
  settlement in Virginia. The English merchants
  idea was to create a settlement where the didnt
  have to depend on the wealth of one person
• In Virginia they created a settlement called
  Jamestown and they created a joint-stock company
  which allowed them to share the cost

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Section 1

• The Powhaten confederacy were Algonquian Indians
  which was led by Wahunsonacock
• The Powhatens supplied food for the colonists and
  taught them how to grow corn and other
  necessities.
• After the death of Wahunsonacock and Pocahontas,
  and the new leader of the Indians Opechancanough
  there was a war between the colonists and the
  Powhatens. This led to the loss of supplies in
  Jamestown and the English crown had to take over
  again which will only allow one leader in
  Jamestown.

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Section 1

• Indentured servants were colonists who received
  free passage to north America and in exchange
  didnt get pay for working
• Planters were wealthy farmers with big
  plantations
• Planters used head right which was a system that
  gave them 50 acres of land every time they
  brought somebody fro m England
• The Bacons rebellion was a group of indentured
  servants they attacked some American Indians, and
  when the colonists tried to stop them they
  attacked and burned Jamestown which was all lead
  by Nathanial Bacon which became the leader of
  Jamestown but died of a fever

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Section 2

• Why did Pilgrims come to America?
• What was the Mayflower Compact, and why was it
  important?
• What was life in Plymouth like?

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Section 2

• King James I wanted to reform the Anglican church
  which was the church of England.
• The Puritans which were a protestant group wanted
  to purify the church of England. They taught the
  bishops and priests had to much power in church.
  A sect of the puritans left England which made
  them pilgrims. They went to the Netherlands
  which they became immigrants. This didnt work
  out so they asked for permission to move to
  Virginia.

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Section 2

• The pilgrims attended to sail from England to
  Virginia but accidently sailed to the outsides of
  English boundaries.
• The ended up establishing new laws and rules to
  govern the new colony which was called Plymouth
• The Pilgrims signed a agreement that stated that
  they can govern themselves which was called the
  mayflower compact.
• Do to sickness from the winter nearly half of
  them died.

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Section 2

• In 1621 a American Indian named Samoset
  introduced the Pilgrims to Squanto.
• Squanto helped the Pilgrims by teaching them how
  to fertilize the soil on farms. He also
  introduced them to Massasoit, the chief of the
  Wampanoag Indians. As Plymouth improved with
  help the celebrated with a harvest which they
  invited Massasoit. This was known as the first
  thanksgiving.

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Section 2

• In Plymouth men worked on fields and fixed tools
• In Plymouth women had more legal rights than they
  had in England.
• In England they couldnt own property or sue, or
  make contracts. In America women can own
  property and widows owned 1/3 of there husbands
  property.

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Section 3

• What was the Great Migration, and why did it
  occur?
• What role did religion and the Church play in the
  Massachusetts Bay Colony?
• How did the Puritans respond to dissenters?

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Section 3

• In 1620, England had an economic down turn. This
  cost many people their jobs.
• Charles I became king in 1625. He worsened the
  economy by raising the taxes in which people
  couldnt afford because of losing jobs.
• The church of England started punishing Puritans
  because they were dissenters(people who disagree
  with official opinions.) Charles I did not let
  the puritans criticize Church actions.

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Section 3

• All of the problems in England led to the Great
  Migration.

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Between 1630 and 1640 thousands of English people
left England. Over 40,000 people moved to the
Caribean and New England.

• In 1629 a group of Puritans began to plan a
  Puritan colony which would be in North America,
  King Charles I gave them permission, which let
  them create a colony called New England.

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Section 3

• In 1630 a fleet of ships of Puritans left for
  Massachusetts, hoping they would be able to
  practice their religion freely.
• John Winthrop (the colonies governor) wrote about
  the Puritans goals when the colony was on board.
• He wrote about how the Puritans had a covenant
  with God. This covenant was for the Puritans to
  build a good Christian community.
•      By the end of 1630, about 1,000 more men,
  women, and children had joined the first
  settlers. These immigrants founded the towns of
  Salem, Mystic, Newton, Watertown, and Dorchester.
  They also built Boston, which became the colonys
  chief city and capital.

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Section 3

• Politics and religion were very close for the
  Puritans. Male church member were the only people
  who were able to vote. The ministers had A LOT of
  power in the Puritan culture.
• In 1636 minister Thomas Hooker and his followers
  decided to leave Massachusetts to help found
  Connecticut. He also helped to form the
  Fundamentals of Connecticut in 1639.
• The Puritans life centered around religion,
  public work, and family. On Sunday they went to
  church at least twice a day.
• In the early 1690s there was a very big religious
  conflict known as the Salem witch trial. A group
  of girls wrongfully accused people of casting
  spells on them. Most people accused were women.
  This lead to many arrests. There was a special
  court to judge on weather or not the people were
  doing witchcraft. The girls would scream and
  faint when the suspects of witchcraft entered the
  room. There would be people witnessing about
  how they heard the people speaking of the devil.
  The court would pressure the person to confess
  about it. If not they would be killed. This
  conflict led to 19 people being killed.

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Section 4

• What role did religion play in the founding and
  development of Maryland?
• How were the Carolinas established, and how did
  their economies develop?
• How were the middle colonies founded?

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Section 4

• Many English Catholics came to America for the
  same reason the Puritans did. They English
  Catholics were against being separated from the
  Roman Catholic church. Because of that they were
  not allowed to worship freely.
• In 1632 King Charles I gave Cecilius Calvert a
  charter to found a new colonie. This colonie was
  called the Maryland in honor of Henrietta Maria.
• In the 1640 a number of Protestants moved to
  Maryland. Soon after that a religious conflict
  began between the two.
• In 1649 Lord Baltimore passed the Tolertion act
  of 1649, which made restriction the religious
  rights of Christianity illegal.

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Section 4

• Though the Toleration act didnt stop religious
  conflict it showed the government wanted to give
  religious freedom.
• In 1663 Charles II gave land between Virginia and
  Spanish Florida to 8 of his supporters.
• These people named this land Carolina.
• Carolina was a single colony, but the settlements
  in Carolina were widely divided. So finally in
  1712 it was divided into North and South
  Carolina.

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Section 4

• Quakers made up the largest religious group in
  New Jersey.
• William Penn was a Quaker who wanted to provide a
  safe place for the Quakers. In 1681 King Charles
  II gave him a charter to start a new colony west
  of New Jersey.
• This was known as Pennsylvania.
• In 1732 James Oglethorpe was granted to a charter
  to start a colony for poorer Americans. In 1733
  Oglethorpe founded the city of Savannah on the
  coast of Georgia.