MATH VOCABULARY

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MATH VOCABULARY

• Intermediate

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Acute Angle
An angle that measures less than a right angle
(90).
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addend

• Any of the numbers that are added
• Example
• 2 3 5
• The addends are 2 and 3.

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A.M.

• The time between midnight and noon

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Angle

• A figure formed by two rays that meet at a common
  endpoint

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Area

• The number of square units needed to cover a
  given surface.

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Array
An arrangement that shows objects in rows and
columns
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Bar Graph

• A way to show information that uses bars to stand
  for data

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Benchmark

• Numbers like 10, 25, 50, or 100 that are used to
  help make estimates

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Calendar

• A table that shows the days, weeks, and months of
  a year in order

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Capacity

• The amount a container can hold when filled

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Cell

• Any single box in a table

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Circle Graph

• A graph in the shape of a circle that shows data
  as a whole made up of different parts

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Closed Figures

• A shape that begins and ends at the same point

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Cone

• A solid, pointed figure that has a flat, round
  base

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Congruent

• Figures that have the same size and shape

These triangles are congruent.
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Cube

• A solid figure with six congruent square faces

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Cumulative Frequency

• A column in a table that keeps a running total in
  a frequency table

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Cup

• A customary unit used to measure capacity

2 cups 1 pint
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Cylinder

• A solid figure that is shaped like a can

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Decimal

• A number that uses place value and a decimal
  point to show values less than one, such as
  tenths and hundredths
• 3.47

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Decimal point

• A period used in decimal numbers to separate the
  whole number part from the decimal part

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Degree

• A unit of measure used to measure parts of a
  circle. There are 360 in a circle.

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Degree Celsius

• A standard unit for measuring temperature in the
  metric system

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Degrees Fahrenheit

• A standard unit for measuring temperature in the
  customary system

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Denominator

• The number below the bar in a fraction. It tells
  the total number of equal parts.

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Diameter

• A line segment that passes through the center of
  a circle and has its endpoints on the circle

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Difference

• The answer in a subtraction problem

8 - 5 3 3 is the difference.
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Dividend

• The number that is being divided in a division
  problem

35 5 7                 
The dividend is 35.
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Divisor

• The number that divides the dividend

18 3 6                 
The divisor is 3.
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Double bar graph

• A graph using bars to compare similar kinds of
  data

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Elapsed time

• The time that passes from the start of an
  activity to the end of that activity

The elapsed time is one hour.
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Equally likely

• When the outcomes of an experiment have the same
  chance of happening

You are equally likely to roll 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or
6.
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Equilateral triangle

• A triangle with all sides congruent

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Equivalent decimals

• Two or more decimals that name the same amount
• 0.3 and 0.30 name the same amount.

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Equivalent fractions

• Two or more fractions that name the same amount

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Expanded form

• A way to write numbers by showing the value of
  each digit
• 635 600 30 5
• 1,479 1,000 400 70 9

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Expression

• A part of a number sentence that combines numbers
  and operation signs

(12 4) 3
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Fact family

• A set of related addition and subtraction or
  multiplication and division number sentences

2 4 6       6 - 4 24 2 6       6 - 2
4 or 3 X 6 18       18 6 36 X 3 18      
18 3 6
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Factor

• A number that is multiplied by another number to
  find a product.

4 4
4 X 7 28       X 7
28 28

The factors are 4 and 7.
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Factor tree

• A diagram that shows the prime factors of a
  composite number

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Fraction

• A number that names part of a whole or part of a
  group

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Frequency table

• A table that organizes the total for each
  category or group

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Gallon

• A customary unit used to measure capacity

4 quarts 1 gallon
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Grouping property of addition

• The property which states that the way addends
  are grouped does not change the sum

(5 9) 3 5 (9 3) 14 3 5 12 17 17
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Grouping property of multiplication

• The property which states that the way factors
  are grouped does not change the product
• (2 X 3) X 4 2 X (3 X 4)
• 6 X 4 2 X 12
• 24 24

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Hexagon

• A polygon with 6 sides and 6 angles

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Horizontal

• The direction from left to right

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Hundredth

• One of one hundred equal parts

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Impossible

• Something that will never happen
• Example
• A dinosaur will walk into your classroom today.

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Intersecting lines

• Two or more lines that cross at exactly one point

The lines intersect at point B
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Interval
The distance between the numbers on the scale of
a graph.
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Inverse operations

• Opposite operations that undo each other
  Addition and subtraction are inverse operations,
  and so are multiplication and division.
• 5 4 9, so 9 4 5
• 3 X 4 12, so 12 4 3

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Isosceles triangle

• A triangle with two congruent sides

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Line

• A straight path extending in both directions with
  no endpoints

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Line graph

• A graph that uses line segments to show how data
  change over a period of time

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Line plot

• A diagram that shows the frequency of data as
  they are collected

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Line segment

• Part of a line, with two endpoints

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Line symmetry

• A figure has line symmetry when it can be folded
  about a line so that its two parts are identical.

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Linear units

• An inch is about the length of your thumb from
  the first knuckle to the tip.

A foot is about the height of a cat.
                    
A yard is about the length of a baseball bat.
A mile is about the distance you can walk in 20
minutes.                 
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Mean
Step 1Use unit cubes. Make 6 stacks of cubes to model the number of tickets sold each day.                                    Step 2Arrange the stacks in order from the shortest to the tallest.                         

Step 3To find the mean, move the cubes so the 6 stacks are equal in height. The number of cubes in each stack is the mean.                           

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median

• The middle number in an ordered series of numbers

The median of 1, 3, 4, 6, and 7 is 4.
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mode

• The number that occurs most often in a list of
  data

The mode of 1, 3, 4, 4, and 6 is 4.
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Multiple
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Negative numbers

• Numbers less than zero

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Net

• A two-dimensional pattern of a three-dimensional
  solid

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Nominal

• A number that names things

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Numeration system

• A way to count and name numbers

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Numerator

• The number above the bar in a fraction. It tells
  how many of the equal parts of the whole or group
  are being considered.

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Obtuse angle

• An angle whose measure is greater than 90 and
  less than 180

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octagon

• A polygon with 8 sides and 8 angles

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One-dimensional

• A measure in only one direction, such as length

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Open figure

• A figure that does not begin and end at the same
  point

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Opposites
1 and 1       3 and 3       7 and 7
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Order property of multiplication

• The property which states that when the order of
  the two factors is changed, the product is the
  same

4 X 5 5 X 4 20 20
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Ordered Pair
A pair of numbers used to locate a point on a
grid.
(1,2) represents 1 space to the right of zero and
2 spaces
up.                             
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Ordinal

• A number that tells position or order
• Jon won first place.Jean is 4th in line.

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Parallel lines

• Lines that never cross and are always the same
  distance apart

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Parallelogram

• A quadrilateral with 2 pairs of parallel sides, 2
  pairs of equal angles, and 2 pairs of equal sides

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Pentagon

• A polygon with 5 sides and 5 angles

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Perimeter

• The distance around a figure

2 cm 3 cm 3 cm 8 cmThe perimeter of this
figure is 8 centimeters.
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Period

• Each group of three digits in a number

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Perpendicular lines

• Two lines that intersect to form four right
  angles

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Pictograph

• A graph that uses pictures to show and compare
  information

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Pint

• A customary unit used to measure capacity

2 cups 1 pint
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Place value

• The system in which the position of a digit in a
  number determines its value see decimal number
  system

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Plane

• A flat surface that extends without end in all
  directions

Planes are named by three points in the plane.
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Plane Figure

• A figure that lies in one plane

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P.M.

• The time between noon and midnight

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Point symmetry

• When a figure can be turned about a central point
  and still look the same in at least two positions

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Probability

• The chance that a given event will occur

Probability of red 1
Probability of red 4
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Quart

• A customary unit used to measure capacity

2 pints 1 quart
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Quotient

• The answer in a division problem

35 5 7      
           The quotient is 7.
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Radius

• A line segment with one endpoint at the center of
  a circle and the other endpoint on the circle

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Range

• The difference between the greatest and the least
  numbers in a set of numbers

range 6 0 6
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Ray

• A part of a line that begins at one endpoint and
  extends forever in only one direction

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Rectangle

• A polygon with 4 sides and 4 right angles

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Rectangular prism

• A solid figure in which all six faces are
  rectangles

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Reflection (flip)

• The result of a figure flipped over a line

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Remainder

• The amount left over when you find a quotient

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Rhombus

• A parallelogram whose four sides are congruent
  and whose opposite angles are congruent

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Right angle

• An angle that forms a square corner and measures
  90

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Rotation (turn)

• The action of turning a figure around a point or
  a vertex

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scale

• A series of numbers placed at fixed distances on
  a graph to help label the graph

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Scalene triangle

• A triangle in which each side has a different
  length

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Schedule

• A table that lists activities and the times they
  happen

FLIGHTS FROM MIAMI TONEW YORK CITY FLIGHTS FROM MIAMI TONEW YORK CITY
Each flight lasts about 2 hoursand 45 minutes. Each flight lasts about 2 hoursand 45 minutes.
Airline Departure Time
Airline A 910 A.M.    
Airline B 1015 A.M.    
Airline C 1250 P.M.    
Airline D 120 P.M.    

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Similar figures

• Figures that have the same shape but may have
  different sizes

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Simplest form

• When a fraction can be modeled with the largest
  fraction bar possible

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Solid figures
sphere                           cube
cylinder                           rectangularprism
cone                           squarepyramid
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square

• A polygon with 4 equal sides and 4 right angles

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Square pyramid

• A solid figure with a base that is a square and
  four faces that are triangles

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Tally table

• A way to organize data that uses tally marks to
  show how often something happens

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tangram

• A puzzle consisting of seven polygon-shaped
  pieces that can be rearranged to make various
  figures or shapes

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tenth

• One of ten equal parts

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tessellation

• A repeating pattern of closed figures that covers
  a surface with no gaps and no overlaps

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Three-dimensional

• A measure in three directions, such as length,
  width, and height

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transformation

• The movement of a figure, either a translation,
  rotation, or reflection

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Translation (slide)

• The action of sliding a figure in any direction

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trapezoid

• A quadrilateral with only one pair of parallel
  sides

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Tree diagram

• An organized list that shows all possible
  outcomes of an event

So, there are 6 possible outcomes.
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triangle

• A polygon with 3 sides and 3 angles

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24-hour clock

• A clock that does not use A.M. or P.M.

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Two-dimensional

• A measure in two directions, such as length and
  width

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Venn diagram

• A diagram that uses circles to show relationships
  among sets of things

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vertex

• The point at which two rays of an angle or two or
  more line segments meet in a plane figure, or
  where three or more sides meet in a solid figure

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vertical

• The direction from top to bottom

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volume

• The measure of the space a solid figure occupies

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x-coordinate

• The first number in an ordered pair
• (4, 6)       (2, 5)

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y-coordinate
The second number in an ordered pair

• (3, 7)       (5, 9)

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Zero property for multiplication

• The property which states that the product of
  zero and any number is zero
• 13 X 0 0
• 0 X 7 0