Pharmacology%20Basics

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Pharmacology Basics

• Chapters 1 2

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CH 1Introduction to Veterinary Pharmacology and
Therapeutic Applications
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What role does an LVT play in pharmacology?

• Recognizes __________________ (allergic and
  anaphylactic) and side effects to medications
• Monitors ___________________ and recovers
  patients
• Monitors ____________________ patients response
  to medications
• ____________________ medications as prescribed
• _____________ medications to clients,
  ___________________ how to administer,
  ______________ their questions
• _______________________ why patients are on
  certain medications
• Fill drug _____________ and correctly write drug
  ___________
• Properly _______________ administered medication
• Correctly _________________ drug doses

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Important points to remember

• All drugs are potentially ________________.
• Drug safety may depend on its ____________ of
  administration.
• Many medications are ____________-specific.
• Be cautious of getting too __________________
  with medications.
• The published ___________________ does not always
  produce a safe dose.
• When you begin to administer the same medications
  routinely, inappropriate dose calculations should
  feel wrong.

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Whats in a name?

• TRADE NAME
• Also called the _________________ name
• Written in capital letters or begins with a
  capital letter
• Considered a proper noun
• May only be used by the company that registered
  the drug
• Registered by the U.S. Patent Office (approved by
  the USDA)
• May have _____ or _____ next to the name to imply
  that the product is registered
• Benadryl

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Whats in a name?

• GENERIC NAME
• Also called the ____________________ name
• Written in ___________ case
• Official identifying name of the drug
• Describes the active drug(s) in the product
• Easier to pronounce than the chemical name
• diphenhydramine hydrochloride

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Whats in a name?

• CHEMICAL NAME
• Describes the chemical structure of the drug
  (structure is sometimes seen on package inserts)
• Long, wordy, hard to say
• Rarely used when describing medications
• 2(Diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethylamine
  hydrochloride

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Dose vs Dosage

• _______________ determination of the amount of
  drug to be given. Requires calculation.
• 15 mg/kg, 10 g/lb
• _______________ amount of drug administered to a
  patient at one time. Stated in units of mass (mg,
  g, gr, etc. ), NOT tablets or milliliters.
• 50 mg

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Dosage forms- oral solids

• _______________ powdered drug compressed into
  disk
• Molded chewable, mixed with a sugar and flavored
• Enteric-coated have coating that protects the
  drug against the acidity of the stomach allows
  it to remain intact until the small intestines.
• _______________ powdered drug compressed into
  capsule-shaped tablet
• ___________(aka CAPSULE)- container made of
  gelatin that house a powder or liquid.
• ______________ (aka lozenge) powdered drug in a
  hard, candy-like tablet that is kept in the mouth
  and slowly dissolved
• ____________________ medication placed in the
  rectum where it is dissolved and absorbed
• _______________- large rectangular tablets given
  to large animals with a balling gun

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Dosage forms- oral liquids

• ________________- drug is completely dissolved in
  a liquid and does not settle out or precipitate
  when left standing
• Syrup drug is dissolved in sugar water
• Elixir drug is dissolved in alcohol and flavored
• ________________- drug that does not dissolve
  within liquid, but settles at the bottom of a
  container. Needs to be shaken to evenly
  resuspend.
• Emulsion drug is mixed with a liquid fat or an
  oil
• ______________- semisolid that keeps its form at
  body temperature