Implicit Human Computer Ineraction Through Context

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Implicit Human Computer Ineraction Through Context

• Albrecht Schmidt
• Telecooperation Office(TecO),University of
  Karlsruhe,Karlsruhe,Germany
• Personal and Ubiquitous Computing Journal,
  Springer Verlag London, ISSN1617-4909, Volume 4,
  Numbers 2-3 / Juni 2000. DOI10.1007/BF01324126,
  pp. 191-199 (initial version presented at
  MobileHCI1999).

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outline

• Introduction
• Implicit Intercation
• Perception
• How Can HCI Benefit from Conext?
• Conclusion and Further Work

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Introduction

• Looking at HCI, it is apparent that interaction
  techniques are limited by the technology
  available
• In this paper we start with the perception of
  simple concepts and with their exploitation

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Implicit Interatcion

• Implicit vs. explicit HCI
• What is context?
• Applicatiobs in context
• Identifying implicit HCI
• Modelling implicit HCI

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Implicit vs. explicit HCI

• The implicit interaction is based on two main
  concepts?perception?interpretation
• Implicit interaction will be used additionally to
  explicit interaction

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Implicit vs. explicit HCI

• The ability to have perception of the use, the
  environment, and the circumstances
• Mechanisms to understand what the sensors see,
  hear and feel
• Applications that can make use of this information

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What is context?

• What is definition of context?
• In this paper they propose to regard situational
  context, such as location or state of the device,
  as implicit input to the system

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Applications in context

• It can be observed that an application
  is?running on a specific device?at a certain
  time?used by one or more users?in a certain
  physical environment?in a social setting?to
  solve a particular task

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Indentifying implicit HCI

• What happens around an application while the
  application is in use?
• Do the surroundings carry any valuable
  information for the application?
• Are there any means to capture and extract the
  information?
• How to understand the information?

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Indentifying implicit HCI

• 1. create the set C
• 2. set D
• 3. for each Ci ? C
• define Ai. // accuracy
• define Ui. // update rate
• identify Si // a sensor device
• // that is appropriate
• if cost(Si, Ai, Ui) is acceptable then
• D D ?( Ci, Si, Ai, Ui)
• next
• 4. if D ? then
• for each vector Di in D
• define a set of application reaction Ri
  (Iij, Rij)
• // Iij is input range, application reaction
  pairs Iij
• // Rij is application reaction
• else
• // implicit interaction is not used
• //(either no condition that are useful or too
  costly)

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Indentifying implicit HCI

• 1C is the set of surrounding conditions each
  Ci stands for one condiction
• 3.If the cost for the identified sensing device
  Di is acceptable,then the vecter describing
  to the set D
• 4.for each of conditions range values that are
  meaningful are identified and for ranges the
  reaction is defined

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Modelling implicit HCI

• lt!ELEMENT context_interaction
• (context , action )gt
• lt!ELEMENT context (group )gt
• lt!ELEMENT group (PCDATA )gt
• lt!ATTLIST group match
• (one all none ) REQUIRED gt
• lt!ELEMENT action (PCDATA )gt
• lt!ATTLIST action
• time CDATA 0
• trigger (enter leave in )
• REQUIRED gt

Data type definition
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Modelling implicit HCI

• ltcontext_interactiongt
• ltcontextgt
• ltgroup matchonegt
• sensor_module.touch
• pilot.on
• lt/groupgt
• ltgroup matchnonegt
• sensor_module.alone
• pilot.pen_down
• lt/groupgt
• lt/contextgt
• ltaction triggerenter time3gt
• pilot.notepad.confidential
• lt/actiongt
• lt/context_interactiongt

Context description
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Perception

• Context awareness component
• Sensor board
• Related work on context sensing

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Context awareness
component

• The specific contexts in this paper are based on
  aural information

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Sensor board

• They build a context recognition device equipped
  with a light sensor, acceleration sensor, a
  passive infrared sensor, a touch sensor, and a
  temperature sensor

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Related work on context sensing

• A cup can aware of its statee.g. warm, cold, on
  table, drinking, moved
• A jacket that knows if it is on the hanger or
  with user is persented

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How can HCI benefit from context

• Output in context
• Input in context
• Context notepad on a palmpilot

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Output in context

• Adapt the output to the current situation
• Find the most suitable time interruption
• Reduce the need for interruptions

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Input in context

• adapt the input system to the current situation
• Limit need for input
• Reduce selection space

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Context NotePad on a PalmPilot

• On/Off
• Fontsize
• Backlight
• Privacy settings

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Conclusion and Further Work

• The most important thing that system understands
  as input
• What happens around the appliction
• How can this be sensed
• How to interpret this information

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Thank you