Chapter 5 Africa

1
Chapter 5Africa

• Analyze the importance of family and labor
  specialization in the development of states and
  cities in West Africa.

2
Family

• Kinship- a connection among people by blood,
  marriage, or adoption.
• Clan- a set of kinship groups with a common
  ancestor.

3
Work

• Men took care of large animals, farmed, and built
  houses.
• Women prepared food, cared for the children, and
  brought water to the village.
• Labor specialization- the doing of specific types
  of work by trained or knowledgeable workers.

4
Who would be in your kinship?Who would be in
your clan?What would your labor specialty be?
5
Describe the importance of oral traditions in the
transmission of African history and culture.
6
Griots

• Griots- an official storyteller.
• Griots would pass on their history, cultural
  values, and spiritual forces or religious
  rituals.
• Africans had no written language for a long time
  so the only way stories were passed down was by
  the griots.

7
Explain the relationship between the Niger River
and the vegetation zones of forest, savannah, and
desert to trade in gold, salt, and food.
8
Vegetation zones

• Vegetation zones- regions that have certain types
  of plants.

9
Sahara Desert

• Sahara- the northern section of West Africa, a
  large desert.

10
Sahara Desert

• Has rich deposits of salt.

11
Savannah

• Savannah- middle section of West Africa, is named
  for grassland in a tropical region.
• Savannah has crops like millet.

12
Rain Forest

• Rain Forest had lots of gold.
• All three zones have goods to trade.
• This is the start of the trans-Sahara trade.
• Trans means across.
• Trading across the Sahara.

13
Niger River

• Helped move all the trade across Africa.
• Ghana and Mali became rich from taxing trade.

14
Explain the relationship between the Niger River
and the vegetation zones of forest, savannah, and
desert to trade in gold, salt, food.
15
Analyze the geographic, political, and the
religion of Ghana and Mali in Medieval Africa.
16
Ghana

• Called their king Ghana. Eventually the region
  itself came to be known as Ghana.
• Built on controlling the controlling the trade of
  gold and salt within its borders.

17
Ghana
Geography

• Between the Sahara and rain forest. Close to the
  Niger and Senegal Rivers.

• Between the Sahara and rain forest. Close to the
  Niger and Senegal Rivers.

Political

• Had a king that taxed traders and used the money
  to conquer surrounding lands.

Religion

• Africans had ancient traditions and folk tales.
• Berbers were traders that came from North Africa.
  They practiced Islam.
• They brought there religion and written language
  to Africa.
• Some kings converted to Islam.

18
Fall of Ghana

• Ghanas king and upper class converted to Islam
  but still practice some aspects of their
  traditional religion.
• Almoravids were camel herders that wanted wealth
  and wanted other Muslims to practice their
  version of Islam.

19
Mali

• Formed by the Malinke people.
• Lead by a great chief named Sundiata.
• Captured capital of Ghana.
• Established Timbuktu as the capital.
• Became a famous center of Islamic scholarship.

20
Mali
Geography

• Capital at the top of the Niger river between the
  desert and the savannah.

Political

• Strong Kings that
• Sundiata
• Mansa Musa which means King Moses
• Devoted Muslim but allowed others to practice
  their religion.
• Went on a famous pilgramage to Mecca with 12,000
  slaves, 80 camels, and 300 pounds of gold. Lead
  to the increase of trade.

Religion

• A mix of tradition and Islam, which lead to a
  increase of knowledge. Religious scholars taught
  history, law, poetry, and theology.

21
Analyze the geographic, political, and the
religion of Ghana and Mali in Medieval Africa.
22
Trace the growth of the Arabic language and the
Islamic religion in government, trade, and
Islamic scholarship in West Africa.
23
Trace the growth of the Arabic language in
government, trade, and Islamic scholarship in
West Africa.
24
1

• Kinship- a connection among people by blood,
  marriage, or adoption.
• Clan- kinship groups with a common ancestors form
  a larger group.
• Labor specialization- when people in a community
  focus on specific types of work.
• Griots- the story teller.

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2

• Vegetation zones- regions that have certain types
  of plants.
• Sahara- the northern section of West Africa, a
  large desert.
• Savannah- middle section of West Africa, is named
  for grassland in a tropical region.
• Niger River
• Ghana- African word for king eventually the
  region came to be known as that as well
• Almoravids- came to power in North Africa during
  the 11th century and over throw the Ghana empire.

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3

• Mali- empire formed in the southern area of what
  had been Ghanas empire.
• Sundiata- a great chief of the Malinke empire.
• Timbuktu- a great city that Sundiata devolved and
  became the capital of the Mali Empire.

27
Analyze the importance of family, labor
specialization, and regional commerce in the
development of states and cities in West Africa.
28
Study the Niger River and the relationship of
vegetation zones of forest, savannah, and desert
to trade in gold, salt, food, and slaves and the
growth of the Ghana and Mali empires.
29
Describe the role of the trans-Saharan caravan
trade in the changing religious and cultural
characteristics of West Africa and the influence
of Islamic beliefs, ethics, and law.
30
Describe the importance of written and oral
traditions in the transmission of African history
and culture.