The Story of Psychology

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The Story of Psychology

• Prologue
• AP Psychology

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Aristotless Early Theories

• the soul is not separate from the body
• Knowledge is not preexisting, but grows from the
  experiences stored in our memories.

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Decartes Locke w/ a side order of Bacon

• Locke agreed with Bacon argued that the mind
  was a blank slate at birth.
• Empiricism is started

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Dr. Wilhelm Wundt

• Father of modern pscyh. (Leipzig, Germany 1879)
• First to perform psych. Experiments
• Opened first psych. Lab

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Dr. Edward Bradford Titchener

• Student of Dr. Wundt
• Introduced Structuralism in 1892.

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Structuralism

• Goal-discovery of the structural elements of the
  mind
• Method(s) -introspection training

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Structuralisms Weakness

• Relied on smart verbal people
• Unreliable due to varying results w/different
  people
• People dont know why we feel they way we do
• Peoples recollections err self-analysis
  inconclusive

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Dr. William James

• Introduced Functionalism
• Strongly influenced by Darwin
• Principles of Psych.
• Admitted the first women into his psychology
  classes

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Functionalisms Focus

• The evolved functions of our thoughts feelings
• How the function of mental behavioral processes
  enable us to adapt, survive, flourish

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Mary Calkins

• 1st female psych. Grad student
• Denied PHD _at_ Harvard
• 1st female APA (American Psychological
  Association) president, 1905

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Dr. Margaret Floy Washburn

• 1st female PHD
• The Animal Mind
• 2nd female APA president

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Early Psychology (pre-1920s)

• the science of mental life
• Wundt Titchener inner sensations, images,
  feelings
• James introspection of the consciousness
  emotion

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Freuds Focus

• The ways emotional responses to childhood
  experiences our unconscious thoughts affect our
  behavior.

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Psychology 1920s into 1960s

• Dominated by Behaviorists
• John B. Watson BF Skinner
• the scientific study of observable behavior

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1960s Beyond

• Humanistic Psych. Focused on importance of
  environmental influences on human growth
  potential
• Abraham Maslow Carl Rogers
• Cognitive neuroscience- refocused on how the mind
  perceives, processes retains info

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What is Psychology?

• Psychology is the scientific study of behavior
  mental processes.
• Psychology has its roots in the Greek words
  psyche, or mind -ology, or a field of study

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Definition Breakdown

• Behavior- any action that can be observed or
  recorded
• Mental processes- the internal, subjective
  experiences we infer from behavior such as
  sensations, perceptions, dreams, thoughts,
  beliefs , feelings
• The science of psychology is less a set of
  findings than away of asking answering
  questions