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Cultural Geography

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Title: Cultural Geography


1
Cultural Geography
  • WG.3c, 10b-c

2
Cultural Characteristics
  • Cultural characteristics are parts of a groups
    everyday life. They are the ideas and themes
    which the group will teach to all members. These
    same characteristics can also link or divide a
    region.

3
  • Examples of cultural characteristics would be
    language, religion, and ethnic heritage

4
Examples of cultural characteristics
  • Language
  • Arabic unites the Arab world
  • Spanish unites the Hispanic world

5
  • Brazil is the only South American nation which
    does not speak Spanish. It speaks Portuguese.

6
  • Canada is a bilingual nation. French and English
    is its official language.

7
Examples of cultural characteristics
  • Switzerland has multiple languages but very
    little conflict between the groups
  • English is now considered the world language and
    is used for most business transactions around the
    world

8
Examples of cultural characteristics
  • Ethnic Heritage
  • In Yugoslavia, many ethnic groups were made into
    one country (Serbs, Croats, Bosnians, Albanians).

9
  • When strong leadership died out, the different
    groups fought a very bloody civil war and now
    they all have separate countries

10
Examples of cultural characteristics
  • In the countries of Rwanda and Burundi in Africa,
    Two ethnic groups are dominate, the Tutsis and
    the Hutus.

11
  • The Hutus are dominate in one and they persecute
    the Tutsis, and the Tutsis are dominate in the
    other

12
  • and they persecute the Hutus. It has led to
    almost constant war between the groups.

13
Examples of cultural characteristics
  • The United States and Switzerland have peacefully
    merged multiple ethnic groups in their countries.
  • Korea and Japan have primarily one ethnic group

14
  • On the island of Cyprus, the Greeks and the Turks
    try to gain control

15
Examples of cultural characteristics
  • Religion can be both a unifying force.
  • There are five major religions in the world
    today--Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity,
    and Islam.

16
  • They have millions of followers all believing the
    same thing.

17
Examples of cultural characteristics
  • Religion can also be a dividing force around the
    world.
  • Hindus and Muslims fight in India (Hindu) and
    Pakistan (Muslim)

18
  • There are conflicts between Catholics and
    Protestants (two forms of Christianity) in
    Northern Ireland

19
  • Jews, Christians and Muslims all claim Jerusalem
    as their religions holy site. They are
    constantly fighting over the land

20
Spatial divisions
  • Spatial divisions are how we divide the livable
    space found on the earth by establishing social,
    economic, and political control.

21
  • You can be a member of more than one spatial
    group.
  • Spatial divisions can also cause conflicts or
    cooperation

22
Spatial divisions
  • Examples of Spatial Divisions--
  • Countries
  • Economic alliances
  • European Union (EU)
  • Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
    (OPEC)

23
Examples of Spatial Divisions-Economic Alliances
cont.
  • North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
  • Association of Southeast Asian Nations

24
Spatial divisions
  • Examples of Spatial Divisions
  • Political alliances
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
  • Commonwealth of Nations
  • Organization of American States (OAS)

25
Examples of Spatial DivisionsPolitical alliances
cont.
  • League of Arab States
  • African Union (AU)

26
Spatial divisions
  • Reasons for spatial divisions
  • differences in culture, language, or religion
  • keeping of historical boundaries
  • imperial conquest and control
  • economic similarities and differences

27
Reasons for spatial division conflicts
  • Boundary and territorial disputes--Syria/Israel,
    Western Sahara/Morocco, China/Taiwan,
    India/Pakistan, Iraq/Kuwait

28
Reasons for spatial division conflicts
  • Cultural differences (language and
    religion)--Indonesia, Canada (Quebec), Ireland,
    Sudan
  • Nationalism--(the belief that your nation is
    superior to all others)

29
Reasons for spatial division conflicts
  • Economic differences--fertile land, access to
    fresh water, access to the coast, fishing rights,
    natural resources, different economic philosophies

30
Reasons for spatial division conflicts
  • Ethnic differences--Balkans (Europe), Cyprus
    (Europe), Rwanda and Burundi (Africa), Kashmir
    (India)

31
Examples of Cooperation
  • Humanitarian--Red Cross, Red Crescent
  • Economic Alliances--NAFTA, Law of the Sea,
    multinational corporations, OPEC

32
Examples of Cooperation
  • Cultural Alliances--French speaking world,
    Commonwealth of Nations
  • Military Alliances--NATO
  • Problem-solving Alliances--United Nations (UN),
    Antarctica Treaty

33
Examples of Cooperation
  • Programs to promote international understanding--
  • Peace Corps
  • Foreign Aid
  • Alliances for environmental preservation
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