PHP PHP: Hypertext Preprocessing

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PHPPHP Hypertext Preprocessing

• Matt Murphy Dublas Portillo

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What is PHP?

• PHP is a server-side scripting language designed
  specifically for the Web.
• An open source language
• PHP code can be embedded within an HTML page,
  which will be executed each time that page is
  visited.
• Example code (all equivalent)
• Short Style lt? echo Hello World! ?gt
• XML Style lt?php echo Hello World! ?gt
• Script Style ltSCRIPT LANGUAGEphpgt echo Hello
  World! lt/SCRIPTgt
• ASP Style lt echo Hello World! gt

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History of PHP

• Created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994
• Originally a set of Perl scripts used by Lerdorf
  to show off his résumé as well as collect
  information on his website, such as the sites
  traffic info.
• Lerdorf later transcribed these Perl scripts into
  a set of CGI binaries written in C, and in doing
  so, combined it with his own Form Interpreter to
  create PHP/FI.

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History of PHP

• PHP/FI grew in popularity, but did not become
  widely known until two program developers named
  Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans, developed a new
  parser in the summer of 1997, which led to the
  development of PHP 3.0.
• The newest version out is PHP 5, which uses an
  engine developed by Suraski and Gutmans, known as
  the Zend II Engine. (Zend I was used by PHP 4)

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PHP Programming Paradigms

• Uses both procedural and object oriented
  paradigms
• Procedural PHP
• Has been in use since the creation of PHP, its
  primary paradigm.
• Allows for easy and quick learning of the PHP
  language.
• Similar to other popular languages such as Visual
  Basic, C, and Fortran.

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PHP Programming Paradigms

• Object Oriented PHP
• Similar to Java, example of an object class

lt?php class BaseClass function __construct() echo "In BaseClass constructorltbrgt" class SubClass extends BaseClass function __construct() parent__construct() echo "In SubClass constructorltbrgt" obj new BaseClass() obj new SubClass() ?gt public class BaseClass public BaseClass() System.out.println("In BaseClass constructor\n") class SubClass extends BaseClass public SubClass() super() System.out.println("In SubClass constructor\n") ----------------------------------------- public class Output public static void main(String args) Object obj obj new BaseClass() obj new SubClass()
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Features of PHP

• Very Efficient Can serve millions of hits per
  day.
• Database Integration Supports many databases,
  such as mySQL and Oracle. Also has excellent XML
  support as of PHP 5.
• Built-in Libraries Tailored to web development,
  one can connect to other network services, send
  email, work with cookies, generate PDF documents,
  and make GIF images on the fly all with a few
  lines of code.
• Its Free Available on http//www.php.net
• Easy to Learn Very similar in syntax to
  C/C/Java and Perl.
• Portable Works on Unix based operating systems,
  on Mac OS X, as well as on versions of Microsoft
  Windows. Your PHP code will often work without
  modification on a different system running PHP.

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Database Support

• The following is a list of supported databases in
  PHP 5

Adabas D InterBase PostgreSQL dBase FrontBase SQLite Empress mSQL   FilePro (read-only) Solid Direct MS-SQL Sybase Hyperwave MySQL Velocis ODBC Unix dbm Informix Oracle (OCI7 and OCI8) Ingres Ovrimos IBM DB2
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Differences From Java

• Data types are not required in variable
  declarations.
• The symbol precedes all variables in PHP
• Constants are declared using the define() method
  in PHP ex. define(AOL", "something")
• Constructors do not necessarily have to be the
  same name as the class name.
• Destructors are used in PHP to remove objects
  from memory after they are constructed.

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What is PHP Good For?

• It is great for complex web page designs
• E-commerce sites with heavy traffic (ex. Amazon)
• Complex bulletin boards and forums (ex. phpBB)
• Secure websites (ex. Novasis)
• Email web hosts (ex. Gmail)
• Working with and integrating XML into your
  webpage
• Database management and search (ex. theFaceBook)

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Processing a PHP Page
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Getting Started

• Download Apache 2 Windows Binary (MSI installer)
  at http//httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
• The zip must end with win32-x86-no_ssl.msi
• Download the PHP zip package at
  http//www.php.net/downloads.php
• Download the zip pack, not the installer
• Install Apache 2, use recommended settings
• If error message is given, go here (Google port
  80 problem) http//httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/plat
  form/windows.html
• Unzip PHP file to C\PHP

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Getting Started

• Next, copy/paste "php.ini-dist" to C/Program
  Files/Apache Group/Apache2, and rename it to
  php.ini.
• Copy the following list of .dll files from your
  C\PHP and C\PHP\ext directory to your root
  Apache directory (where you put php.ini)
• fdftk.dll fribidi.dll gds32.dll libeay32.dll
  libmash.dll libmysql.dll libmysqli.dll msql.dll
  ntwdblib.dll php5apache2.dll php5apache.dll
  php5apache_hooks.dll php5isapi.dll php5nsapi.dll
  php5ts.dll phpmsql.dll phpmssql.dll phpmysql.dll
  phpmysqli.dll ssleay32.dll yas.dll

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Getting Started

• Set the PHP path for Windows Go to Control
  Panel gt System gt Advanced tab Click on
  "Environment variables" Look in the "System
  variables" pane Find the "Path" entry Double
  click it and add at the end of the string your
  PHP dir You need to start with "" without
  double quotes! And follow by Cphp So it will
  look like "Cphp" Again, without double quotes!
  Now restart the Apache server. Test Create a
  simple file (using notepad) such as php5_info.php
  lt? phpinfo()?gt
• Save it in C/Program Files/Apache
  Group/Apache2/htdocs/php5_info.php Open a
  browser and enter the following address
  http//localhost/php5_info.php it should display
  your complete PHP setting if it does not work
  properly you might have done something wrong with
  the multiple edits check them out and give it
  another go.
• Now you can use any text editor or html editor to
  create PHP files

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An Example

• titleCreator.php
• Uses a simple form with simple fields
• Asks a user for input, such as the title they
  want, what their name is, the background color,
  etc.
• When submitted, the page is reloaded with the
  specified form values using PHP code to write out
  new HTML code

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titleCreator.php
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Useful Links

• Official Website (http//www.php.net/)
• PHP Online Manual (http//us2.php.net/manual/en/)
• Installation on Windows Systems
  (http//us2.php.net/manual/en/install.windows.php)
  
• Using Apache with Windows (http//httpd.apache.org
  /docs/2.0/platform/windows.html)
• Alternative Installation Guide (http//www.webmast
  erstop.com/86.html)