REMEMBERING SOME OF THE NOTABLE DAMAGING EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS

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REMEMBERING SOME OF THE NOTABLE DAMAGING
EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS

• Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster
  Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

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2014--2020 IS A GOOD TIME FOR A GLOBAL SURGE
IN EDUCATIONAL, TECHNICAL, HEALTH CARE, AND
POLITICAL CAPACITY BUILDING IN ALL FIVE PILLARS
OF COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE
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ALL PAST DISASTERS DEMONSTRATE THE URGENCY OF
BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT

• PREMISE A DISASTER ON THE SAME SCALE SHOULD
  NEVER HAPPEN TWICE IN A COMMUNITY

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COMMUNITIES
DATA BASES AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN
UP AFTERSHOCKS
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CAUSES OF DAMAGE
INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING
SOIL AMPLIFICATION
PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING GROUND
FAILURE)
IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN
EARTHQUAKES
FIRE FOLLOWING RUPTURE OF UTILITIES
DISASTER LABORATORIES
LACK OF DETAILING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
INATTENTION TO NON-STRUCTURAL
ELEMENTS
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VAN, TURKEY OCTOBER, 2011
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L'AQUILA, ITALY APRIL 2009
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SICHUAN PROVINCE, CHINA MAY 2008
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SUMATRA, INDONESIA SEPTEMBER 2007
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BAM, IRAN DECEMBER 2003
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ARMENIA DECEMBER 1988
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MINDANAO, THE PHILIPPINES AUG. 1976
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CHILE MAY 1960
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COMMUNITIES
DATA BASES AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN
UP AFTERSHOCKS
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CAUSES OF DAMAGE
HIGH VELOCITY IMPACT OF INCOMING WAVES
INLAND DISTANCE OF WAVE RUNUP
VERTICAL HEIGHT OF WAVE RUNUP
INADEQUATE RESISTANCE OF BUILDINGS
TSUNAMIS
FLOODING
DISASTER LABORATORIES
INADEQUATE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL EVACUATION
PROXIMITY TO SOURCE OF TSUNAMI
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JAPAN MARCH 11, 2011
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INDONESIA OCTOBER 2010
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CHILE FEBRUARY 2010
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AMERICAN SAMOA SEPTEMBER 2009
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SOLOMON ISLANDS APRIL 2007
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JAVA ISLANDS APRIL 2006
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INDONESIA DECEMBER 2004
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ALASKA (USA) MARCH 1964
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EXTRAPOLATION TO 2013

• A tsunami generated by a massive earthquake off
  the coast of Alaska would leave the northern
  Orange County coast and Long Beach underwater.
• Source U.S. Geological Survey report, Wednesday
  (Sept. 4, 2013).

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SCHEMATIC OF THE HYPOTHETICAL TSUNAMI WAVE (USGS)