Enquiry Learning

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Enquiry Learning Fieldwork in theNSS
Geography Curriculum

• Curriculum Development Officer

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Fieldwork in the secondary schools of Hong Kong
?
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• Places far away from the schools?
• Countryside?
• Ping Chau (Mirs Bay), Lamma Island, Brides Pool
  
• Guided tours?
• Worksheets?
• Fieldwork reports?
• Designers geography teachers?
• Students passive learners?

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Types of fieldwork
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• Field excursion
• Field research based on hypothesis testing
• Geographical enquiry
• Discovery learning
• Sensory fieldwork

Teachers
Students
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Fieldwork and Enquiry Learning (1)

• Level 1
• Fieldwork with enquiry-based worksheets
• e.g. School visits to the Castle Peak Power
  Station

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Enquiry-based worksheets
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What are the conditions for the licence renewal
of the Castle Peak Power Station?

• Pre-trip activities
• What?
• Hot news

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Where are the Castle Peak Power Station and the
Black Point Power Station?
Where?
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What types of power resources have been used in
different power stations of CLP Power?

• Activities at the Power Stations
• What?
• Why?

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What are the environmental problems created by
electricity generation at the Castle Peak Power
Station?
How does CLP Power cope with the environmental
problems?
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Hot news LNG receiving terminal
Activities after the visit
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Extended Activities Industrial Location
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(No Transcript)
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Fieldwork Enquiry Learning (2)

• Level 2
• Fieldwork investigation based on
• a problem-solving task /
• a decision-making task /
• a hypothesis-testing task /

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What are the examples?

• U.K.
• Length of fieldwork investigation report
• AQA (Specification A)-4000 words
• AQA (Specification B)-3500-4000 words
• OCR (Specification A/B)-1000/2500 words
• Edexcel (Specification A/B)-1500/2500 words
• CCEA -less than 2500 words
• IB

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Guidance Booklet for fieldwork investigation
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Work of some Year 10 Geography students
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• Australia
• Senior Geography project (Board of Studies-New
  South Wales Geography (Stage 6 Syllabus) 1999)

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Work of an Australian Geography Student
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Aims
Questions for enquiry
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Equipment
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Final report
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Choice of topic for enquiry

• to be developed by the students with the help of
  their teachers
• some possible situations
• 1. One general and broad topic for enquiry is
  given by the teacher and students are required to
  develop their own smaller scale / narrower scope
  enquiries with the guidance of the teacher.

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• 2. The teacher brings students to a rich
  fieldwork site in which students develop their
  own enquiry topics under the guidance of the
  teacher.
• 3. Individual students work out their enquiry
  topics all on their own and then further develop
  them under the guidance of their teachers.

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Procedures of enquiry-based fieldwork
investigation

• 4-5 stages
• Planning and preparation
• Data collection
• Data processing, presentation and analysis
• Interpretation and conclusion
• Evaluation

Report
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Stage 1

• Identify a geographical issue, problem,
  phenomenon and/or form hypothesis
• Clarify the objectives of the enquiry
• Identify the type of information/data that is
  required
• Decide on the methods and instruments to be used
• Prepare for the enquiry
• Develop the enquiry sequence

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Stage 2

• Use different techniques instruments to collect
  data in the field
• Record organize field data systematically
• Gather supplementary information from secondary
  data and sources of literature

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Stage 3

• a brief introduction (objectives, methodology
  etc.)
• Process and present the collected data in
  appropriate forms
• Test analyze the collected data and information

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Stage 4

• Verify and interpret the findings
• Draw conclusions, propose solutions and/or make
  decision based on evidence, with justifiable
  reasons and /or support of theories

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Stage 5

• Evaluate the whole enquiry
• Discuss limitations suggest alternatives
  approaches

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Role of teachers

• Facilitators
• Give guidance to students (not coaching)
• Give suggestions to students on data processing
  and presentation techniques
• Give responses to students questions giving
  directions rather than offering direct answers)
• Mark the reports according to assessment criteria

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Suggested content of the fieldwork report

• Cover/title page
• Contents page
• Introduction
• Presentation of the collected data
• Analysis of the investigation results
• Interpretation of the findings
• Conclusions

Stage 3-Stage 5
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• Appendices (with evidence of students work)
• Bibliography

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Assessment criteria

• Examples
• AQA (Specification A), IB, CCEA